Management of forest resources cannot be separated from the character attributes of the community. In the arena of community forest action, access to forest resources, which is a people's livelihood, is an important element. The study aimed to analyze the performance of the local community attributes towards community welfare and examine the stratification of community land ownership. This research was carried out in the qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis showed that 41.56% of the community forest farming groups classified as land-owners. Based on the strata of land ownership showed that 70% in the third strata, which was land-ownership of less than 0.5 ha. This study concluded that the institutional of local community was relatively low because not effective in regulating community behavior. These indicated by the low performance achieved on the welfare of the community, the low ownership of the area of arable land, and the level of welfare of the local community falls into the category of poor and low community education.
The urban air temperature has gradually increased in almost all cities in the world, including Kendari City. This is indicated by the increase in building materials and reduced vegetation biomass in urban areas that have consequences of increasing surface temperatures and forming a micro-climate phenomenon called urban heat island (UHI). The aim of this study is to analyse of UHI intensity in Kendari region for the periods 2001-2014-2019, based on the distribution of land surface temperature (LST), which was analysed through thermal infrared (TIRS) and operational land imager (OLI) sensors onboard Landsat-7 and Landsat-8, each image has an atmospheric correction and brightness temperature. The results show the intensity of UHI during the 2001 to 2014 period increased by 2.44 °C, while in 2019 the intensity decreased by 2.27 °C from the previous period. These fluctuations are closely related to the land cover (LC) changes especially in built-up areas, vegetation, and bare soil as the effects of the urbanization process, and parameters of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI).
The study aimed was to find out the endophytic bacteria isolated from areca nut rhizosphere in Southeast Sulawesi. The study was conducted at the Agronomy Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University. It using a completely randomized design (CRD) consist of four serial treatment of isolates isolated from 4 regencies. The isolates have tested their ability to improve viability and vigour of rice seed. The rice seeds before application, treated with endophytic bacteria isolates and then germinated. The germination rate was recorded daily by seven days. Each treatment using three replications, and data result were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed with DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test). The result showed that the treatment of endophytic bacteria on rice seed has significantly increased the viability and vigour of rice seed. It also found four selected isolates which have potential to increase of rice seed growth, namely ME4, WSE4, WSE15, LE7, and LAE2. The future research is needed to find out the isolate that has effectivity on increase of areca nut seedling growth.
Southeast Sulawesi is one of Indonesia’s regions with several specific plants, including the sago plant. Sago is a portion of typical food for people in Southeast Sulawesi, especially in mainland areas such as Konawe, South Konawe, North Konawe, Kolaka, and East Kolaka. In Southeast Sulawesi, the sago plantation area has decreased sharply from the original site of 13,706 hectares to around 5,912 hectares. The depreciation of the sago planting area is thought to have been caused by converting land use from sago to rice fields, settlements, and other benefits. Although sago has many uses and advantages and can support food security, it faces severe problems in its cultivation due to narrowing the sago planting area and decreasing its production potential. This study aimed to identify the distribution of the potential regions for sago growth in the South Konawe Regency through spatial analysis techniques for land cover using Landsat-8 satellite imagery. From the results of spatial analysis, it was found that there was a potential sago plantation area to be developed in South Konawe Regency, which reached 5,873 ha. The largest site of sago was in North Moramo, Benua, Anggata, and Andolo Barat Districts. This area was the main center for sago processing in Konawe Selatan Regency.
Land use changes are so prevalent in almost all regions in Indonesia, including in Purwakarta Regency. Purwakarta Regency is located between Jakarta City as the capital city of Indonesia and Bandung City as the provincial capital of West Java. The conversion of agricultural were due to the pressures from other land uses. Agricultural land use changes certainly have implications for microclimate changes. The objectives of this study were to analyse changes in paddy fields due to the pressure from other land use conversion and to formulate solutions for land conversion control policy. The study was conducted in Purwakarta Regency, including the Citarum watershed area. The studied area has a total of 62,398 ha out of the total 97,172 ha of the whole Purwakarta. The study used the Spatial Dynamics Analysis approach with Powersim Studio and IDRISI to predict the land changes in the year 2030. The simulation showed that paddy field areas decreased to 36.07 % from 20,394 ha in 2012 to 13,036.90 ha in 2030. On the contary, residential areas increased as much as 105.94 % from 5,418.44 ha in 2012 to 11,158.7 ha in 2030. The loss of paddy fields totalling to 8,668.21 ha from 2009 to 2030, has implications on the microclimate changes with the economic value of environmental services, in particular prevention of an increase temperature, of IDR 2,812,240,804,033.00. Policies are needed to clearly define the spatial land use with regional regulations to control paddy fields conversion, implement Sustainable Food Crop Areas owned by the government with farmer empowerment and develop derivative products by utilising the wastes.
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