In general fast-growing tree species harvested at a young age has substantial amount of sapwood. It also contains juvenile wood, which has undesirable inferior physical and mechanical properties. Having sapwood and juvenile wood in the trees makes them very susceptible to be attacked by biological deterioration specifically termites in a tropical environment. The main objective of this study was to investigate the termite resistance of four fast-growing Indonesian wood species treated with furfuryl alcohol and imidacloprid. Wood specimens from sengon (Falcataria moluccana), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), mangium (Acacia mangium), and pine (Pinus merkusii) were impregnated with furfuryl alcohol, using tartaric acid and heat as well as treated with imidacloprid for the polymerization process. All of the specimens were exposed to environmental conditions in the field for three months. Based on the findings in this work, the untreated control samples had higher weight loss values and lower protection levels than those of imidacloprid-treated and furfurylated samples of all four species. It appears that furfurylation and imidacloprid treatment of such fast-growing species had a significant impact regarding their resistance against termite so that their service life can be extended during their utilization.
Wood from plantation forest contains a lot of sapwood and juvenile wood which has inferior in physical properties. Furfurylation could improve the properties through a reaction between Furfuryl Alcohol (FA) with a hydroxyl group of wood components. The purpose of the study was to improve the physical properties of mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.) and pine (Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese) woods. The wood specimens for physical properties was prepared according to the ASTM D 143-94. They were vacuumed at 600 mmHg during 30 minutes, when the vacuum has been released, the FA reagent was inserted to the tank and followed with pressure at 10 kg/cm2 during 30 minutes. The specimens were wrapped with aluminium foil and heated in the oven at 100°C for 24 hours. After conditioned for three weeks, the specimens were tested for physical properties including Weight Percent Gain (WPG), density, Moisture Content (MC), water absorption, swelling, shrinkage, and anti-swelling efficiency (ASwE) according to the ASTM D 143-94. Untreated specimens were also prepared for comparison purpose with five replications for each treatment. The results showed that furfurylated mangium and pine woods reached WPG 11.34% and 17.74%, densities were increased 8.95% and 3.75%, MC were decreased 88.41% and 84.74%, water absorption were decreased 41.76% and 46.84%, volume swelling were decreased 55.18% and 61.57%, volume shrinkage were decreased 34.99% and 64.75%, respectively. ASwE of mangium and pine woods was 55.1% and 61.6%. It could be mentioned that the furfurylated wood had better physical properties compared to untreated woods.
Wood furniture products were one of the commodities that have a dominant contribution compared to other furniture materials to the Indonesian economy. In furniture products, the connection system was a weak point in the construction, so a detailed analysis was needed regarding the factors that affect the strength of the construction and the effectiveness of the wood connection system. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of the wood used as outdoor chair material by carrying out several tests to obtain wood density, moisture content, MOR and MOE values and then carrying out impact tests on actual outdoor chair products. The results showed that the teak wood used in the raw material for making the product had a moisture content of 12% with an average density of 0.68 g/cm3. The results of the static flexural strength test showed that the MOE of the tested teak was 107,108 kg/cm2 and the MOR value was 1,018 kg/cm2. The compressive strength value parallel to the fiber is 536 kg/cm2. The teak sample tested was included in strong class II which is quite strong as a raw material for furniture such as outdoor chairs. Analysis of the results of the construction design found that the type of construction used was tenon mortise, cracks at the joints occurred because the tenon was too close to the head of the wood. Based on the product test results, after the product with a new construction design was made, by lowering the tenon mortise position 3 mm from the initial position. The crack that occurs in the product is caused by an error in product construction design and not from the quality of the product raw materials used.
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