Background: Pregnant women usually suffer from gingivitis due to an increase in progesterone and estrogen hormones followed by hypervascularization. As the result, gingiva becomes more sensitive to plaque and calculus. Pregnant women in Trimester II began to experience gingivitis and would get worse in the trimester III. As known, gingivitis in pregnant women may be affected by age of pregnancy, occupation and education level. The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence of gingivitis in pregnant women at RSUD Klungkung, related to age of pregnancy, occupation and education. Methods: This research was a descriptive study using cross sectional study approach. Sample in this study was 85 people using consecutive sampling technique. Data collection was done by giving questionnaire and screening to pregnant women to know their gingival score. Result: The results of this study showed that most of pregnant women in trimester I experienced gingivitis score 1 (57,9%), trimester II gingivitis score 2 (65,5%), and trimester III gingivitis score 3 (83,8%). Pregnant women who did not work had more gingivitis (42%) than pregnant women who worked (37.1%). Pregnant women with lower education level experienced more gingivitis (92.8%) than pregnant women with higher education level (75%). Conclusion:The number of gingivitis in pregnant women is increasing as their age of pregnancy, where the ginggivitis score in trimester I is better than trimester III. This result also correlated with age of pregnancy, occupation and educationlevel.
Introduction: Oral hygiene is one of important determinant for health as oral hygiene could affect various important functions such as speech, masticatory function and aesthetic. Students of dentistry in particular should able to apply the knowledge and behavior of maintaining healthy teeth and mouth of their own. The purpose of this study is to know the relation between knowledge and behaviour of maintaining dental health with oral hygiene of Dentistry Student at Medical Faculty of Udayana University. Method: Research method was analytical observational using cross sectional design. The subject of research was selected by total sampling method on Dentistry Student at Medical Faculty of Udayana University, thus 100 students were selected through inclusion and exclusion criterias. This research was conducted by giving questionnaire covering questions about knowledge and behavior and Oral Hygiene Index Smplified (OHI-S) was used as examination tool and as an indicator in asessing oral hygiene. Result: Significance correlation was documented for relationship between knowledge and oral hygiene using Chi-square test (p=0.026) and similar result also documented between oral hygiene and behavior of maintaining oral hygiene (p=0.006). Conclusion: From those results in this study, could be concluded that there is a relationship between knowledge and behaviour of maintaining dental health with oral hygiene on Dentistry Student at Medical Faculty of Udayana University.
Background: The most common dental and oral diseases in Indonesia is caries. 7-9 years old is the age with highest dental and mouth problems in Indonesia. There are four main factors interacting in caries formation such as: host, substrate/diet, bacteria/microorganism and time. Saliva is one of the host factors that cause caries. There are several factors that influence the composition and salivary concentration such as volume and degree of acidity (pH) of saliva.The purpose of this experiment was to determine the relationship between volume and degree of acidity (pH) saliva with the occurrence of dental caries on children between 7-9 years old in Sekolah Dasar Negeri 5 Sumerta Denpasar, Bali.Methods: The study design used was cross-sectional analytic. The samples were children between 7-9 years old in Sekolah Dasar Negeri 5 Sumerta Denpasar, Bali. Sampling techniques using consecutive sampling technique of 65 children. Samples who have been allowed by their parents through informed consent, calculated the amount of their saliva volume and degree of acidity (pH), then examined the oral cavity to know the index of dental caries. The analytical test using chi-square methods.Result: The analytical test showed a value p = 0.041 for relation between volume saliva with the occurrence of dental caries and p = 0.028 for relation between salivary pH with the occurrence of dental caries.Conclusion: there is correlation between volume and degree of acidity (pH) of saliva with the occurrence of dental caries incidence on children between 7-9 years old in Sekolah Dasar Negeri 5 Sumerta Denpasar, Bali. Latar Belakang: Penyakit gigi dan mulut yang paling sering terjadi di Indonesia adalah karies. Usia 7-9 tahun merupakan usia dengan tingkat masalah gigi dan mulut tertinggi di Indonesia. Terdapat empat faktor utama yang saling berinteraksi dalam pembentukan karies yaitu host, substrat/diet, bakteri/mikroorganisme dan waktu. Saliva merupakan salah satu host yang menjadi faktor penyebab karies. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi komposisi dan konsentrasi saliva antara lain volume dan derajat keasaman (pH) saliva. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan volume dan derajat keasaman (pH) saliva terhadap kejadian karies anak usia 7-9 tahun di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 5 Sumerta Denpasar, Bali.Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan cross-sectional analitik. Sampel penelitian adalah anak Sekolah Dasar usia 7-9 tahun di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 5 Sumerta Denpasar, Bali. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan consecutive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 65 anak. Anak yang telah diizinkan oleh orang tuanya melalui inform consent, dihitung jumlah volume dan pH salivanya, kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan rongga mulut untuk mengetahui indeks karies gigi anak. Hasil uji analisis menggunakan chi square.Hasil: Uji analisis didapatkan hasil berupa nilai p = 0,041 untuk hubungan volume saliva terhadap kejadian karies anak dan p= 0,028 untuk hubungan pH saliva terhadap kejadian karies anak.Kesimpulan: terdapat hubungan antara volume dan derajat keaasaman (pH) saliva terhadap kejadian karies anak usia 7-9 tahun di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 5 Sumerta Denpasar, Bali.
Background: Loss of teeth when entering the phase of elderly is the impact of the aging process and can be overcome by using denture. Denture users must have attention of hygiene to prevent adverse impacts that might result from the use of the denture that would be affected by health behavior. Health behavior can be measured from the knowledge, attitudes or responses, as well as the actions of a person. Objective: The objective of study is to understand the level of behavior and associated factors towards the level of the acrylic denture hygiene maintenance behavior in elderly in Penatahan Village, Tabanan Regency, Bali. Methods: Descriptive study with cross sectional design was used as the study method. Sampling technique used was total sampling with total 58 samples. Data were obtained using a questionnaire consisting of 15 questions that were read directly to respondents. The level of denture hygiene maintenance behavior of good, less good, and not good were showed by the score of 56-75, 36-55, and <35, respectively. Correlation between sex, age, education level, and the manufacture of the denture towards the level of the denture hygiene maintenance behavior were also be studied. Results: The result of this research exhibited that respondents conducted good behavior were 6 respondents (10.3%), 24 respondents (41.4%) had less good behavior level, and 28 respondents (48.3%) had a level of not good behavior in maintaining the cleanliness of their dentures, and there is correlation between the level of denture hygiene maintenance behavior with sex, education level, and the manufacture of dentures. Conclusion: The level of the acrylic denture hygiene maintenance behavior in elderly in Penatahan Village, Tabanan Regency, Bali, mostly found is very poor, and there was no correlation between level of the acrylic denture hygiene maintenance behavior and age.
Background Permanent tooth lost can interfere adolescent activities such as eating and socializing. Tooth loss should be treated with denture use. Riskesdas Province Bali in 2013 showed a gap between the prevalance of permanent teeth loss in adolescents (34,39%) and denture use in adolescents of age group 15-24 year (3,7%). This condition described most adolescents who experience permanent tooth loss did not have the same perception of denture use. The purpose of this study was to investigate adolescent perception about denture use in SMAN 3 Denpasar.Methods: This study was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design by using questionnaire. The sampling technique used is stratified random sampling by selecting a random sample in each class of every strata. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis technique.Result: The results showed, 4.9% of adolescents have good perception, 90.2% of adolescents have enough perception, and 4.9% of adolescents have less perception of the use of denture in SMAN 3 Denpasar.Conclusion: Generally adolescents in SMAN 3 Denpasar are enough to understand the benefits and purpose of the use of denture. Latar belakang: Kehilangan gigi permanen dapat mengganggu aktivitas remaja seperti makan dan bersosialisasi. Kondisi kehilangan gigi ini sebaiknya dirawat dengan pemakaian gigi tiruan. Riskesdas Provinsi Bali tahun 2013 menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan prevalensi kehilangan gigi permanen pada remaja (34,39%) dengan pemakaian gigi tiruan pada remaja kelompok usia 15-24 (3,7%). Kondisi ini menggambarkan sebagian besar remaja yang mengalami kehilangan gigi permanen tidak memiliki persepsi yang sama terhadap pemakaian gigi tiruan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi remaja terhadap pemakaian gigi tiruan di SMAN 3 Denpasar.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional yang menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah Stratified Random Sampling dengan memilih sampel secara acak pada setiap kelas di setiap strata. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebesar 4,9% remaja memiliki persepsi dengan kategori baik, 90,2% remaja memiliki persepsi dengan kategori cukup, serta 4,9% remaja memiliki persepsi dengan kategori kurang terhadap pemakaian gigi tiruan.Simpulan: Secara umum remaja di SMAN 3 Denpasar cukup memahami manfaat serta tujuan pemakaian gigi tiruan.
Introduction: Halitosis is a oral maloudour that comes from mouth and caused by Volatile Sulfure Compounds. The Solution to overcome the malodour is by chewing gum. Chewing gum that often consumed by a lot people is chewing gum that contain green tea extract and chewing gum that contain xylitol. The purpose in this study is to compare the efectiveness of chewing gum that contain green tea extract and chewing gum that contain xylitol in reduce halitosis rate on Udayana University student. Method: This study used an experimental study, with 32 student on Udayana University as a sample that divided into 2 groups including groups of study subject that were instructed to chew gum that contain green tea extract and groups of study subject that were instructed to chew gum that contain xylitol. The sample was taken by using purposive sampling technique. Result: The result in this study show chewing gum contain green extract is more effective in reducing halitosis based on the halitosis level measurement that show constant value at minute 20 to minute 40 with mean 2,13 compared with chewing gum contain xylitol that have 2,88 value. There are significant differences on the effectiveness of chewing gum contain green tea extract and chewing gum contain xylitol to reduce the halitosis level with the p value 0,000 (p<0,05). Conclusion: Chewing gum containg green tea extract is more effective to reduce halitosis compared to xylitol chewing gum.
Introduction: Candida albicans is a normal organism found in the oral cavity. These organisms are opportunistic pathogens, which are not pathogenic to normal individuals but will cause disease in individuals with certain conditions. Oral candidiasis is one of the infections caused by this fungus. Management of therapy is done by administering antifungal drugs. The use of the antifungal drug has side effects and in the long term use can raise the resistance of Candida strain and treatment failure. Different choices of therapy can use herbs such as lime pulp and peel. The purpose of this study is to determine the difference in inhibition between lime (Citrus aurantifolia S) pulp and peel extract at concentrations of 25%, 50% and 100% for the growth of Candida albicans. Method: This study uses experimental Post Test Only Control Group Design. The treatment group is given ethanol extract of lime pulp and peel with concentrations of 25%. 50% and 100%. A positive control is given nystatin and ethanol 96% as a negative control. The antifungal test method is disc diffusion. Data analysis uses One-Way Anova comparative test. Result: Ethanol extract of pulp and lime peel does not perform inhibition zone against Candida albicans growth. Conclusion: Antifungal activity test results show no difference between lime pulp and peel extract at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 100% in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans. Latar Belakang: Candida albicans merupakan organisme normal yang terdapat pada rongga mulut. Organisme ini bersifat oportunistik patogen, yaitu tidak patogen pada individu normal tapi akan menyebabkan penyakit pada individu dengan kondisi tertentu. Kandidiasis oral merupakan salah satu infeksi yang disebabkan oleh jamur ini. Manajemen terapi dilakukan dengan pemberian obat antifungi. Penggunaan obat antifungi memiliki efek samping dan pada penggunaan jangka panjang dapat memunculkan strain Candida yang resisten dan menyebabkan kegagalan dari pengobatan. Alternatif terapi dapat menggunakan bahan alam berupa buah jeruk nipis, baik kulit maupun daging buah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan daya hambat antara ekstrak daging dan kulit buah jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia S) pada konsentrasi 25%, 50% dan 100% terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Metode: Jenis penelitian yaitu eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian post test only control group design. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan ekstrak etanol daging dan kulit buah jeruk nipis konsentrasi 25%, 50% dan 100%. Kontrol positif berupa nystatin dan kontrol negatif etanol 96%. Metode uji daya hambat jamur dengan difusi cakram. Analisis data menggunakan uji komparatif One Way Anova. Hasil: Ekstrak etanol daging dan kulit jeruk nipis tidak menunjukkan adanya zona hambat terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Kesimpulan: Hasil uji daya antijamur menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan antara ekstrak kulit dan daging jeruk nipis kosentrasi 25%, 50% dan 100% dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans.
Dentist has a high risk of being infected of COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the practice modification efforts carried out by dentists in Badung regency in facing the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a mixed method design with a sequential explanatory strategy. Quantitative research was conducted with a questionnaire that was arranged based on PB PDGI guidelines and has been tested for validity and reliability with 72 respondents. Qualitative research was conducted by doing in-depth interview with two informants who had filled out the questionnaire to find out the reasons for the choice of answers and the possibility of other practice modifications carried out. The results showed that modifications to patient management procedures have been carried out such as screening the patients, asking patients to wash their hands, limiting the distance in the waiting room, and measuring body temperature. Modifications to the transmission prevention management carried out by dentists such as the use of complete PPE, limiting the duration of contact with patients, asking patients to rinse their mouth with povidone iodine, and installing exhaust fans in the practice room. The modifications that are slightly carried out are delaying the elective treatment and the use of rubber dams. In conclusion, dentists in Badung regency have made 83% modifications to patient management procedures and 93% modifications to the transmission prevention management recommended by PDGI, while the use of rubber dam is the least modification effort done because dentists are not used to it.Keywords: COVID-19; dentist; practice modification Abstrak: Dokter gigi merupakan profesi yang memiliki risiko tinggi tertular Coronavirus diseases (COVID-19). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya modifikasi praktik yang dilakukan dokter gigi di Kabupaten Badung dalam menghadapi pandemi COVID-19. Desain penelitian ialah mixed method dengan strategi eksplanatoris sekuensial. Penelitian kuantitatif dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner yang disusun berdasarkan pedoman PB PDGI dan telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya dengan 72 responden. Penelitian kualitatif dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam kepada dua orang informan yang telah mengisi kuesioner untuk mengetahui alasan pilihan jawaban serta kemungkinan modifikasi praktik lainnya yang dilakukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan modifikasi prosedur tata kelola pasien yang telah dilakukan seperti melakukan skrining pasien, meminta pasien mencuci tangan, membatasi jarak di ruang tunggu, dan pengukuran suhu tubuh. Modifikasi tata laksana pencegahan transmisi yang dilakukan dokter gigi seperti penggunaan APD lengkap, membatasi durasi kontak dengan pasien, meminta pasien berkumur dengan povidone iodine, serta pemasangan exhaust fan di ruang praktik. Modifikasi yang masih sedikit dilakukan yaitu penundaan perawatan yang bersifat elektif serta penggunaan rubber dam. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah dokter gigi di Kabupaten Badung telah melakukan 83% modifikasi prosedur tata kelola pasien dan 93% modifikasi tata laksana pencegahan transmisi yang direkomendasikan oleh PDGI, sedangkan penggunaan rubber dam merupakan upaya modifikasi yang paling sedikit dilakukan (33%) dikarenakan dokter gigi belum terbiasa.Kata kunci: COVID-19; dokter gigi; modifikasi praktik
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