ABSTRAK Kata kunci : Asam lemak Bebas, Minyak Goreng, Alkalimetri ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to know the increase of free fatty acid content on cooking oil which has been used several times for frying and shows that still fulfill SNI quality standard that is <0,3%. Approximately 290 million tons of oil is consumed every year by the Indonesian population, therefore cooking oil is one of the important needs that the people of Indonesia need. The process of repeated frying on cooking oil will lead to the formation of free fatty acids. Cooking oil is taken randomly from different types of brands from vegetable materials. Conducted for frying and then disampling frying to 0, 5, 7, and 9 for the determination of ALB levels using alkalimetri method. The results showed that free fatty acid content of cooking oil A, B, C, D on frying 0-5 still fulfill SNI requirement <0.3%. As for cooking oil brand B, C, D on frying 7 and 9 the result exceeds the requirement of SNI> 0.3%. In oil E fryer 0 still fulfill SNI requirement while 5-7 result exceeds the requirement of SNI that is> 0,3%.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most significant risk factor for the cause of cervical cancer. The purpose of this study for identification of HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 45 and 52 in cervical cancer patients. HPV is a row of high-risk HPV types that can cause cervical cancer. Total sample of 78 diisolat DNA derived from FFPE, cervical smears and cervical cancer fresh tissue obtained from Dr. Dr. M. Djamil, Padang and hospitals. Arifin Achmad, Pekanbaru. HPV DNA detection is done by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using universal primers GP5 +/6 +. HPV types were identified by PCR with specific primers. Total sample types obtained with concentrations varying between 0.9 to 645 ng / ml with purity DNA in accordance with the specified purity for PCR amplification. The results of the study of 78 patients with cervical cancer samples, 42 samples (54%) identified HPV DNA. HPV type 18 is more dominant and followed by HPV type 16 as compared to the other types, namely the percentage of 40.4% and 28.5%. HPV type 45 (7.1%), HPV type 52 (2.3%) and HPV 31 and HPV type 33 was not detected. ABSTRAK: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) merupakan faktor resiko yang paling signifikan penyebab dari kanker serviks. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk identifikasi tipe HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 45 dan 52 pada pasien kanker serviks. HPV tipe ini merupakan deretan HPV tipe high risk yang dapat menyebabkan kanker serviks. Total sampel sebanyak 78 diisolat DNAl yang berasal dari FFPE, apusan serviks dan jaringan segar kanker serviks yang diperoleh dari RSUP. Dr. M Djami., Padang dan RSUD. Achmad Arifin, Pekanbaru. Deteksi DNA HPV dilakukan dengan menggunakan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) menggunakan primer universal GP5+/6+. Tipe HPV yang diidentifikasi dengan metode PCR dengan primer spesifik. Total tipe sampel yang didapat bervariasi dengan konsentrasi antara 0,9-645 ng/ml dengan kemurnian DNA sesuai dengan kemurnian yang ditetapkan untuk amplifikasi PCR. Hasil penelitian dari 78 sampel penderita kanker serviks, 42 sampel (54 %) teridentifikasi DNA HPV. HPV type 18 lebih mendominasi dan disusul HPV type 16 dibandingkan dengan type lainnya yaitu dengan persentase 40,4 % dan 28,5%. HPV type 45 (7,1%), HPV type 52 (2,3%) dan HPV 31 dan HPV type 33 tidak terdeteksi.
Jambu biji merah merupakan tanaman yang mudah sekali dijumpai di daerah tropis khususnya di Indonesia. Selain buahnya yang dimanfaatkan, banyak masyarakat menggunakan daun jambu biji merah sebagai kosmetik secara alami. Salah satu kandungan dari daun jambu biji merah adalah flavonoid sejumlah 17,4% yang mana salah satu fungsi flavonoid ini sebagai antioksidan yang mampu menangkal radikal bebas yang mana radikal bebas ini dapat merusak sel-sel tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan formula terbaik dari variasi ekstrak daun jambu biji merah (Psidium guajava L.) pada sediaan lulur body scrub. Pembuatan ekstrak dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, variasi ekstrak yang digunakan F0=0%, F1=4%, F2=6%, F3=8%. Lulur body scrub dari ekstrak Psidium guajava dilakukan uji evaluasi meliputi uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji stabilitas, uji viskositas, uji daya lekat, uji daya sebar, dan uji tipe krim. Hasil ekstrak daun jambu biji merah (Psidium guajava L) dapat diformulasikan sebagai sediaan lulur body scrub. Hasil percobaan sifat fisik, maka variasi konsentrasi Ekstrak daun jambu biji merah mempengaruhi sifat fisik lulur yang dihasilkan terutama pada organoleptis dan viskositas. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi Ekstrak daun jambu biji merah maka semakin pekat warnanaya dan semakin kental. Tidak berpengaruh pada daya sebar, pH dan daya lekat.
Indonesia is an archipelago state that is the nature have provides raw materials from medicinal plants, it is not yet used cause medicinal plants usually lived in the forests that have difficult access. Kebiul seed (Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb.) is an empirically medicinal plant belonging to the Caesalpiniaceae family which has great potential to be used as an prevent from free radicals or as an antoxidants cause kebiul seeds contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids.The aims of this research to make a M/A emulsion substance. The sample that have been used in this study is kebiul seeds that have extracated by maceration and then evaporated with a waterbath. The extract was made in four formulas with each concentration 10%, 20%, 30%. The evaluation of the M/A have perfect result which were done, stability test (odor, color and shape / texture and pH test) flow properties test, viscosity test, emulsion type test, and microscope cross-section test. After analyzing the M/A emulsion substance the results from all of the evaluations that have been done from the 4 formulas, the kebiul seeds could be made into M/A Emulsion. Variation in contents of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb extract which have the requirements evaluation, namely: organoleptic test, pH test, stability test, emulsion type test, viscosity test, and microscope cross-section test.
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