Abstract.  A multiple baseline design was employed to test the effect of manipulative instruction on the perimeter and area problem‐solving performance of middle and high school students who had been diagnosed with LD in the area of mathematics. Modeling, prompting/guided practice, and independent practice in conjunction with manipulative training were employed to teach both perimeter and area problem‐solving skills. Analysis of data revealed that the students rapidly acquired the problem‐solving‐skills, maintained these skills over a two‐month period, and transferred these skills to a paper and pencil problem‐solving format. This research extends previous findings by revealing that use of concrete manipulatives promotes the long‐term maintenance of skills.

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Transition to adult life and adult service settings is challenging for any student with severe intellectual and multiple disabilities, but more so if she or he lives in a rural area. This article discusses the barriers to effective transition in rural communities using Oklahoma as an example and describes a community survey procedure used to identify opportunities for youth in rural communities in this state.

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