Introdução: As hemoglobinopatias são as alterações genéticas mais comuns no homem, sendo a hemoglobina (Hb) S a mais freqüente entre todas. Sua ocorrência no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul ainda não foi sistematicamente avaliada. Objetivos: Caracterizar a ocorrência de Hb S por genótipos, sexo, idade no momento do diagnóstico, índice de cobertura e prevalência em Mato Grosso do Sul. Material e método: Estudo retrospectivo, transversal e descritivo, desenvolvido com os resultados de triagem neonatal para hemoglobinopatias, utilizando a técnica de cromatografia líquida de alta pressão, no Instituto de Pesquisas, Ensino e Diagnósticos da Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (IPED/APAE) de Mato Grosso do Sul em 2000-2005. Resultados: De 190.809 indivíduos triados, 2.624 (1,38%) encontraramse alterados, correspondendo a 2.385 neonatos e 239 crianças maiores de 28 dias. Não houve diferença entre os sexos, sendo 1.335 do sexo feminino e 1.289 do masculino. Os genótipos alterados encontrados foram traço falciforme (FAS [99,16%]) e doenças falciformes (FS [0,61%] e FSC [0,23%]). Conclusão: Esse primeiro estudo de triagem realizado no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul mostra que o programa desenvolvido pelo IPED/APAE está se solidificando no estado e avançando em relação ao índice de cobertura da população e ao diagnóstico precoce. Esses indicadores podem embasar ações preventivas (aconselhamento genético e estudos familiares) e assistenciais (tratamento ambulatorial contínuo), que visam à redução da morbimortalidade de indivíduos acometidos por essas afecções no estado.
Three of those articles that described the pathophysiology and clinical presentation were published by nurses. One of the publications, using Roy's adaptation model, described the nursing process to clients with falciform anemia. Eleven publications (52.0%) were worldwide epidemiological studies. Seven publications (34.0%) described the diagnosis, neonatal screening, and programs for the management of falciform anemia in Brazil. Conclusion: There is a need for further research in the topic by health care professionals, especially by nurses regarding preventive measures, and the management and rehabilitation of patients with falciform anemia. Keywords: Anemia , sickle cell anemia; Sickle cell trait; Neonatal screening. Con relación a los descriptores, tres referencias (14%) son del área de enfermería, describen el cuadro clínico y la fisiopatología, siendo que una de ellas sistematiza la asistencia a la clientela con anemia falciforme bajo el marco teórico de adaptación de Roy; 11 (52%) destacaron estudios epidemiológicos y la distribución mundial; y siete (34%) contemplaron el diagnóstico médico, la clasificación neonatal y los programas dirigidos a la población con anemia falciforme, en Brasil. Conclusión: Los resultados apuntan la necesidad de realizar investigaciones en esa área por profesionales de la salud, principalmente los del área de enfermería, en relación a los cuidados de prevención, promoción y rehabilitación de los pacientes con anemia falciforme.
Introduction Pain is one of the main symptoms prevalent in most pathologies. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) represents not only a therapeutic measure, but also a mean to quantify the neurosensory and pain perception in patients with chronic pain. Objective To evaluate the relationship between sex and age with neurosensory thresholds (sensory threshold and tolerance threshold) in the application of therapeutic current in patients with chronic pain. Methods Forty-five patients with chronic pain (30 women and 15 men) aged between 24 and 87 years were selected. Each patient answered the Individual Questionnaire, McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Subsequently, the electric current was applied, through which the sensory and pain thresholds were analyzed, as well as the perception of activation of the neurosensory pathways for each individual. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 for Windows. Results There was no significant correlation (p > 0.05) between a possible depressive diagnosis and the perception of current by the sensory and pain thresholds. Regarding sex, there was a significant difference in sensory thresholds (p = 0.003) between men and women, while no statistical differences were observed between sexes for pain complaint and pain threshold (p > 0.05). For the correlational analysis, a significant correlation (p = 0.05) was identified between the variables BMI and pain tolerance threshold (r = 0.68) for females and age and sensory threshold (r = 0.65) for males. Conclusion The sex and age variables are important in the measurement of TENS parameters because they lead to significant differences in sensory and pain thresholds.
Objective: To check the occurrence of viral infections resulting from treatment with blood products and their impact on quality of life in the health of adult patients with hemophilia. Method: This is a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample conducted with an association of patients. Data collection took place in November and December 2015. The evaluation protocol used the application of the SF-36 questionnaire and a form to collect demographic and clinical data. Results: The participants were 49 adult patients with hemophilia, male, with an average age of 32±8.5 years old. They had a higher prevalence of hemophilia A in its severe form. Viral infections were more prevalent in those who had hemophilia when hepatitis C was the most frequent infection. Viral infections had a negative impact on quality of life in the "physical capacity," "pain," "general health" and "mental health." The age of the participants who experienced viral infections resulting from treatment with blood transfusions were significantly higher than the uninfected participants. Conclusion: Viral infections resulting from treatment with blood products in hemophiliac patients have repercussions in a lower quality of life of patients with hemophilia. The infections were more frequent with increasing age, suggesting special attention to older patients.
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