Providing the population of Russia with dairy products of its own production determines the food independence of the country, which depends on the development of the national agro-industrial complex. In this case, the possibility of increasing the productivity of animals with the lowest cost of production plays an important role. The solution of problems of development of animal farming is socially relevant today. The analysis of publications on the studied aspects of the formation of science-based system of dairy farming at the regional level, a comparative analysis of natural quantities characterizing the effectiveness of dairy cattle breeding are the main methods of research used in the work. According to our study rates of increase in volumes of products of livestock production in comparison with crop production, led to the fact that the livestock production became the leading industry in formation of gross output of agriculture of Chelyabinsk region. Using such indicator as consumption of basic food products per capita we concuded that the coonsumption of main products of a delivery concedes to the recommended medical norms therefore a part of food is imported from other regions of the Russian Federation. The problems inherent in branch of dairy cattle breeding of Russia are characteristic also of Chelyabinsk region. Reduction of a livestock of the cattle continues, body height of efficiency doesn’t compensate decrease in gross production of milk, doesn’t provide a breeding. However, the dairy cattle breeding makes enough significant contribution to the volume of a regional product and ensuring food security of the region therefore it is necessary to find paths of effective use of capacity of the given industry for stabilization of economy.
The village as a socio-territorial subsystem of society is a single socio-economic, territorial, natural, historical and cultural complex. The agricultural policy of any developed country should be aimed, first of all, at ensuring food security, preserving domestic agricultural producers and the rural way of life in the conditions of competition. The components of which are the rural population, the totality of social relations related to its vital activity, the territory and the material objects located on it are components of this complex. Therefore, the sustainable development of rural areas is the basis for the stable development of the regions, both economically and socially. Farming in the context of new trends and vectors of development plays a huge role in improving the well-being of rural areas of each region and the country as a whole. The main trends in the development of rural entrepreneurship in the region are identified. The contribution of small businesses to the formation of food security in the region is determined. The main conclusions of the study are reduced to the identified systemic problems of small business development in the Chelyabinsk region.
The article discusses the behavioral practices of a "new woman" in the conditions of mass famine in the early 1920s. It is noted that this social group was inconsiderable in number, but its influence in public life was very high. The author draws attention to the social origin of the representatives of this social group, the level of their education, the specifics of the worldview formation based on the ideals of universal equality and justice. It was noted that the behavior of the “new women” in conditions of mass starvation significantly differed from the generally accepted patterns, such as seeking help from the authorities, migrating to other regions, selling property, begging and other social deviations. The desire to contribute to the construction of a socialist society led to the ignorance of the problem of hunger and a reorientation from their daily life to social life. This was manifested in the behavior of the “new woman” in the form of collecting funds for the needs of the hungry, selfless work, refusal to relocate to prosperous areas. Social class background – origin from peasants and workers, high involvement in social activities, young age, membership in the Komsomol organisation were the factors that formed non-standard options for survival in the situation of mass famine among the “new women”. It is concluded that the conditions of hunger contributed to the strengthening of the social positions of the “new women”, their further advancement on the social ladder. The downside of strengthening the social position of the “new women” was the further erosion of the foundations of their traditional perception of the world based on family and motherhood.
Currently, despite the wide possibilities in the treatment of wounds, patients with gunshot wounds of the extremities present a complex surgical task. The study included 60 patients with gunshot wounds of the extremities who underwent inpatient examination and treatment at the Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Main Military Clinical Hospital named after academician N.N. Burdenko of Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. The patients were divided into groups. In group I, physical methods of treatment were used, such as vacuum therapy (35 people), of which 19 patients underwent combined vacuum therapy with laser irradiation of the wound (group IA), 16 patients underwent vacuum therapy in combination with high-intensity pulsed optical irradiation (group IB). Group II included patients in whom orthobiological techniques were used in the complex treatment of wounds (25 patients), including platelet-enriched fibrin glue — in 13 patients (group IIA) and a composition of heterogeneous implantable gel SpheroGEL® in the LONG version (hereinafter SpheroGEL®) — in 12 patients (group IIB). Results. Comparison of the results of the treatment revealed a significant improvement in the regenerative process according to the histological method in group IA: the maturation of mature granulation tissue was observed on the 9th day after the application of local treatment methods. Positive adhesive and wound healing effects were observed in group IIA. According to the "AnalyRan" program, there was a significant reduction in the time of wound healing in all groups under study. According to the results of the study, all techniques showed positive dynamics of wound healing and reduction of the inflammatory process.
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