Introduction: The aim of this study is to describe the performance of first trimester screening (FTS) for trisomy 21 using maternal age, serum biochemistry and fetal nuchal translucency (NT) in a single center and to evaluate the effect of nasal bone on screening performance. Material and Methods: In 12,585 singleton pregnancies, the NT and nasal bone were examined. The majority of these mothers also had their serum biochemical markers analyzed. Risk was computed using different combinations of maternal age, biochemistry, NT and nasal bone. Down syndrome cases were confirmed by karyotyping. Results: There were 12,519 normal pregnancies, 31 with trisomy 21 and 35 with other chromosomal abnormalities. Without considering the nasal bone, the combined FTS detected 87.1% of trisomy 21 fetuses (false positive rate 5.1%), using 1:300 as the risk threshold, and this was further improved to 96.8% with the policy that classifies all fetuses with an absent nasal bone as high risk. Subgroup analysis showed that the detection rate would be 90.9%, with a false positive rate of 3.7%, if nasal bone was incorporated in the risk algorithm, compared to 81.8% and a false positive rate of 5.4% if it was not used. Discussion: FTS is very effective in early detection of trisomy 21 in Singapore. The nasal bone is a useful marker that can substantially improve the screening performance.
Objective To evaluate the degree of agreement in firsttrimester nasal bone assessment in a group of sonographers before and after training, using a semi-quantitative scoring system. (ICC, 0.929).
Methods
ConclusionThe proposed scoring system can be used to improve consistency and reliability in first-trimester nasalbone assessment.
Several factors affect the performance of students. This investigation was conducted to find out the predictors of performance among students in the Central Mindanao University Laboratory High School (CMULHS). Results showed that CMULHS students performed well in English, Mathematics and Science in their elementary years. Their parents were actively involved in their children's school activities. They have slightly positive attitude towards schooling, fairly good study habits, highly motivated to study, and attributed their achievement for their efforts.
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