Hematological and biochemical profile studies help to evaluate functional changes of animals used in experiments. The aim of this study was to determine the hematological and biochemical profile of immunosuppressed BALB/c nude and C57BL/6 SCID mice after bovine ovarian xenotransplantation. Therefore, a total of 74 female mice were divided into four groups: non-xenotransplanted animals, xenotransplanted animals, xenotransplanted animals treated with eCG and xenotransplanted animals treated with FSH + LH. After anesthesia, blood samples were collected and hematologic and biochemical values were evaluated. The results showed no significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) for hematological parameters between the control group and the treatment groups of both strains. However, considering the biochemical profile, it was observed an increase of AST concentrations (p ≤ 0.05) in both strains and a decrease of ALT concentrations (p ≤ 0.05) only in C57BL/6 SCID strain of the groups subjected to hormonal treatment compared with those non subjected. Additionally, the values of the renal enzymes, urea and creatinine, did not differ (p ≤ 0.05) between the groups. Our findings suggest that the xenotransplantation procedure as well as the hormonal dosages had no significant effect on the well-being of the animals considering the evaluated hematological and biochemical profile.
Simple SummaryOne of the main obstacles to the in vitro production of embryos in goats is the low ovarian response to hormonal treatments and low oocyte quality. Thus, several strategies have been performed to improve the reproductive performance of goats, including the development of new hormonal protocols as well as the use of other drugs that act directly or indirectly on reproductive function. In this experiment, we tested the use of a hormonal protocol aimed at maximizing the ovarian response and, in parallel, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor was administered daily as an adjuvant. In recent years, the renin-angiotensin system has been shown to play an important role in reproductive function, especially in follicular development. We found that administration of the ACE inhibitor affected the ovarian response in multiparous goats, with more visible follicles, and had no effect on oocyte quality or during embryonic development, thus being a possible alternative to improve goat reproductive response.AbstractThe aim of this work was to determine the effect of enalapril maleate administration, during oocyte recovery by serial laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU), on the ovarian response and in vitro embryo production (IVP). Twenty cross-bred goats were allocated equally into two groups: Nulliparous and Multiparous. In each group, five animals were selected to receive daily doses of enalapril maleate during the hormonal protocol. Estrus was synchronized by a PGF2α analog, followed 48 h later by insertion of an intravaginal device with progesterone. Forty-eight hours after, a single dose of FSH/eCG was administered. The FSH/eCG doses were repeated three times, on every four day. Oocytes were recovered by LOPU 24 h after each FSH/eCG dose. Viable oocytes were matured in vitro, to be parthenogenetically activated and cultured for 72 h to the cleavage stage. The drug treatment increased the proportion of total follicles observed at LOPU (p < 0.01) in multiparous goats. In both parity groups, enalapril administration had no effect on the proportion or quality of oocytes recovered. Furthermore, the number of embryos cleaved was similar between the groups. Thus, enalapril maleate affected the ovarian response in multiparous animals only and had no effect on the oocyte quality or IVP.
This study evaluated the effect of the extract of Aloe vera at concentrations of 10% and 20% on the cryopreservation of sperm from the epididymis of domestic cats. Epididymal spermatozoa were recovered using the flotation technique and used in the treatments: control (TRIS-egg yolk at 20%), T10% (TRIS plus 10% of A. vera extract), and T20% (TRIS plus 20% of A. vera extract). The spermatozoa were subjected to 4ºC for 60 minutes, followed by 20 minutes in nitrogen vapors, and stored in a cryogenic cylinder. The samples were thawed at 37°C for 30 seconds. The sperm motility decreased (P<0.05) after thawing in the three treatments. Only the spermatozoa in the control treatment maintained postthawing vigor. The viability of spermatozoa decreased in the treatments with A. vera (P<0.05). According to the hypoosmotic test, all treatments maintained the sperm membrane functionality (P>0.05) during freezing; however, after thawing, it decreased (P<0.05) in the T10% and T20% treatments. The morphology and chromatin condensation of spermatozoa did not differ, regardless of the treatments and time of evaluation (P>0.05). The effect of the crude A. vera extract was not satisfactory on the cryopreservation of epididymal spermatozoa of domestic cats after thawing; although the motility of spermatozoa was similar to that found with the use of egg yolk, and it presented maintenance of the chromatin integrity. However, it is necessary to understand the action of the substances present in A. vera with the feline spermatozoa, well as the standardization and adjustment of physicochemical characteristics aiming at the future application of the vegetal extract.
RESUMO:O cultivo de células animais existe há cerca de 100 anos. Os estudos pioneiros de pesquisadores como Harrison, Carel e Roux, contribuíram para o desenvolvimento da técnica e para encorajamento de outros trabalhos relacionados ao cultivo de células. Cultivo pode ser definido como um conjunto de práticas que permitem a manutenção de células em um sistema in vitro independente do tecido de origem sob condições controladas. Os primeiros cultivos resumiam-se a tecidos fragmentados submersos em plasma sanguíneo (ou soro do animal de origem) contidos em frascos. Atualmente, o cultivo de células apresenta inúmeras aplicações, desde a produção biotecnológica de moléculas recombinantes, anticorpos monoclonais, vacinas veterinárias e humanas, à produção de enxertos para transplantes. Muitos desses avanços só foram possíveis graças ao estabelecimento de linhagens celulares estáveis e a descoberta de sistemas de cultivo específicos para cada tipo celular. Portanto, o presente artigo tem como finalidade apresentar um apanhado histórico do cultivo de células animais, além de expor as linhagens celulares de referência mundial.Palavras-chave: cultivo, linhagem, bioengenharia, biotecnologia. History of development of the cultivation animal cells.ABSTRACT: The cultivation of animal cells has been around for 100 years. The pioneering studies by researchers such as Harrison, Carel and Roux, contributed to the development of the technique and encouragement to other works related to cell culture. Cultivation can be defined as a set of practices that allow the maintenance of cells in an in vitro system independent of the original tissue under controlled conditions. The first cultures are summarized to fragmented tissue submerged in blood plasma (or serum of animal origin) contained in flasks. Currently, the cell culture has numerous applications from biotechnological production of recombinant molecules, monoclonal antibodies, human and veterinary vaccines, to the production of grafts for transplantation. Many of these advances have been possible only through establishing stable cell lines and the discovery of specific culture systems for each cell type. Therefore, this article aims to present a historical overview of animal cell culture, showing the future expectations of this technology, and expose worldwide reference cell lines.
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