Abstract. Relations between religions have been formulated in terms of religion in Indonesia. Often interreligious relations are formulated in 'religious harmony' and often the understanding of the term is influenced by the concept of 'religious freedom'. Indonesia launched Tri Harmony in preventing people from getting caught up in unnecessary conflicts, namely Inter-Religious Harmony, Religious Harmony and Harmony between Religious People and the Government. A political formula that is practically expected to be able to manage religious people. Although this formulation is not a theological formula, this formula is intended not to be involved in conflict with one another, or so that in the religious community there is no attempt to tackle each other. However, the term religious freedom is often understood as a major part of religious harmony. Freedom of religion emphasizes the right of every citizen individually to be able to believe and practice the teachings and beliefs of a trusted religion. Both of these terms affect relations between religions in Indonesia. Keywords: Harmony, Freedom, Religion, Indonesia,. Abstrak. Relasi antar agama telah dirumuskan dalam istilah yang beragama di Indonesia. Seringkali relasi antar agama dirumuskan dalam bahasa ‘kerukunan agama’ dan sering juga pemahaman istilah tersebut dipengaruhi oleh keonsep ‘kebebasan beragama’. Indonesia mencanangkan Tri Kerukunan untuk mencegah agar orang tidak terjebak dalam konflik-konflik yang tidak perlu, yaitu Kerukunan Antar-Umat Beragama, Kerukunan Intern-Umat Beragama dan Kerukunan Antara Umat Beragama dengan Pemerintah. Suatu rumusan politik yang secara praktis diharapkan dapat mengelola umat beragama. Meskipun rumusan ini bukanlah suatu rumusan teologi, tetapi rumusan ini dimaksudkan agar tidak terlibat konflik satu sama lain, ataupun agar di dalam diri umat beragama tidak ada upaya saling menjegal. Namun demikian, istilah kebebasan beragama sering dipahami sebagai bagian utama dari kerukunan umat beragama. Kebebasan beragama menekankan hak setiap warga secara individu untuk bisa meyakini dan mengamalkan ajaran dan keyakinan agama yang dipercaya. Kedua istilah ini mempengaruhi relasi antar agama di Indonesia. Keywords: Kerukunan, Kebebasan, Beragama, Indonesia.
Abstract:Since Indonesia has undergone a decentralisation phase, its regions have searched for their local identities. In West Sumatra, for instance, Islam is dominant. Consequently, there has been a constant attempt to infuse Islamic values into social, political and economic aspects. The paper seeks to contextualise the key phases in the history of West Sumatra in the broader history of the archipelago and the Malay world, and to show how key events in West Sumatra and at the national level set the parameters for later debates about Islam and identity in the region. The paper argues that now, as in the past, the relationship between Islam, a global religion, and Minangkabau culture was, and is, simultaneously contested. It is also found that Islam as an ideology was subordinated after Independence days, and again under the New Order. The strong association between Islam and regional identity only solidified in the post-Suharto. Now, regional governments has been utilising claims that local customs are based on Islam and Islam is based on the Qur'an.
Abstrak : Artikel ini mengkaji tugas fungsi pengawasan madrasah dalam meningkatkan kinerja Kepala Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri dan swasta di Kota Bitung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan psikologis dan pendekatan paedagogik. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yang terdiri dari kepala madrasah, wakil kepala madrasah bidang kesiswaan, guru kelas, dan sumber data lain berupa dokumentasi penting menyangkut profil madrasah, data kepala kepala madrasah unsur penunjang pendidikan lainnya. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa, proses pelaksanaan fungsi pengawasan Madrasah dalam meningkatkan kinerja Kepala kepala Madrasah negeri dan swasta yang ada di Kota Bitung belum berjalan dengan baik sehingga perlu upaya maksimal untuk memperbaikinya dengan cara melakukan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi program fungsi Pengawasan serta memberikan bimbingan dan pelatihan. Abstract : Madrasah Supervision Function In Improving The Performance Of The Head Of State And Private Ibtidaiyah Madrasah In Bitung City. This article examines the task of monitoring madrassas in improving the performance of the Head of State and Private Ibtidaiyah Madrasah in Bitung City. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method using psychological approaches and paedagogic approaches. The data sources in this study consist of madrasah heads, deputy madrasah heads in students, classroom teachers, and other data sources in the form of necessary documentation concerning madrasah profile, data of madrassa other educational supporting elements. This study concluded that the process of implementing madrasah supervision function in improving the performance of the head of state and private madrasah in Bitung City had not gone well, so it is necessary to make maximum efforts to improve it by planning, implementing, and evaluating supervisory function programs as well as providing guidance and training. Kata Kunci : Pengawas, Kinerja, Kepala Madrasah
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