The results of the present study indicate a high prevalence of alcohol consumption and alcoholism, which is higher among working adolescents. Sociodemographic, family, and work-related factors must be considered when attempting to implement educational measures aimed at changing alcohol-related behaviors in this population.
OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of violence among adolescents and young adults and to identify associated factors. METHODS:Cross-sectional study carried out in 2008 with systematic random sampling of 699 elementary and high school students enrolled in urban state schools of Barra do Garças, Central-Western Brazil. A self-administered questionnaire was applied in the classrooms without the presence of the teacher. The outcome "violent behavior" was defi ned as (1) use of fi rearm or sharp instrument, and/or (2) aggressions against oneself and/or others, and/ or (3) suicide attempt. The analyzed independent variables were age, gender, socioeconomic status, use of alcohol, use of psychoactive drugs, sexual activity, and relationship between parents. Univariate analysis was conducted, as well as multiple regression adjusted for cluster effect. RESULTS:Violence prevalence was of 18.6%, varying with age: 10.1% in the group aged 10 and 11 years; 20.2% for those aged 12-19 years; and 4.5% in the group aged 20-21 years. The factors associated with violent behavior were use of alcohol (RP = 2.51, 95%CI 1.22;5.15), use of psychoactive drugs (RP = 2.10, 95%CI 1.61;2.75), male gender (RP = 1.63, 95%CI 1.13;2.35) and unsatisfactory relationship between parents (RP = 1.64, 95%CI 1.25;2.15). CONCLUSIONS:Results indicate high prevalence of violence among adolescents in the age group 12-19 years, mainly among users of alcohol and drugs, of the male sex, from families whose parents do not have satisfactory relationships. Although without statistical signifi cance in the fi nal regression model, school result discrepancy and socioeconomic level should be considered in educational actions for prevention of violence behavior among students.
Foi realizado um estudo transversal, de base populacional, para determinar a prevalência do uso recente de substâncias psicoativas em uma amostra probabilística de 798 adolescentes trabalhadores e de 1.493 não trabalhadores, matriculados na rede estadual de educação básica da área urbana de Cuiabá, Brasil. Um questionário de autopreenchimento foi aplicado em sala de aula, indagando sobre aspectos sociodemográficas, sociais e o consumo de substâncias psicoativas. Definiu-se uso recente como consumo realizado uma ou mais vezes nos trinta dias que antecederam à entrevista. A prevalência na amostra do uso recente de álcool, tabaco e outras drogas foi de 37,4%, 9,5% e 8,4%, respectivamente, sendo mais elevada entre os adolescentes trabalhadores do que entre os não trabalhadores (47,4% versus 32,1% RO = 1,91, IC95% 1,60-2,28; 13,6% versus 7,3% RO = 1,98, IC95% 1,49-2,63; 11,1% versus 6,9% RO = 1,68, IC95% 1,24-2,26). Na análise de regressão logística, o uso recente de álcool, tabaco e outras drogas manteve-se associado aos trabalhadores da faixa etária de 15-20 anos, do sexo masculino e baixo nível socioeconômico (C+D+E). Conclui-se que os resultados indicam que o uso recente de álcool, tabaco e outras drogas foi diferente entre os trabalhadores em comparação com os não trabalhadores, sugerindo que esses resultados podem orientar as ações articuladas de prevenção e tratamento à população adolescente.
The primary economic activity of the municipality of Poconé, Central-West Brazil, is the production of gold. In an attempt to reduce exposure to metallic mercury, schools in that location conduct educative programs directed towards their students. A questionnaire used to evaluate the effi cacy of these programs with respect to adolescents' comprehension concerning exposure to mercury was developed in 2007. This questionnaire is self-applied and has 12 questions. A test-retest reliability study, with a 21-day interval between the two sessions, was performed with this instrument. The sample was comprised of 128 students who were in the 8th grade of elementary school. Reliability was evaluated by Kappa coeffi cient and McNemar's chi-square test, resulting from "moderate" to "almost perfect" agreement.
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