The prevalence of EIM is similar to that reported from Europe and USA, albeit higher than that previously reported in Asian patients. Female sex, religion, severe disease, and steroid use were associated with EIM.

Groove pancreatitis (GP) is a rare type of segmental pancreatitis, and it remains largely an unfamiliar entity to most physicians. It is often misdiagnosed as pancreatic cancer and autoimmune pancreatitis. With better understanding of radiological findings, preoperative differentiation is often possible. If there is preoperative diagnosis of GP, one can employ non-surgical treatment. But most of the patients ultimately require surgery. Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is the surgical treatment of choice. We report three cases of GP that were treated by Whipple's operation at our unit. All the three patients had a history of long-standing alcohol intake. In the first and third patients, we had a preoperative diagnosis of GP. But, in the second patient, our pre-operative and intra-operative diagnosis was a pancreatic head malignancy. Diagnosis of GP was made only after histopathological examination. All the three patients had uneventful postoperative recovery and were well at 55-, 45- and 24-month follow-up respectively. In addition to detail descriptions of our three cases, a detailed review of the current literature surrounding this clinical entity is also provided in this article.

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is the constellation of clinical signs and symptoms resulting from occlusion of two or more hepatic veins, often due to an underlying thrombophilic disorder. Acute myeloid leukemia has been rarely reported to be associated with hepatic vein thrombosis due to hyperleukocytosis, hyperfibrinolysis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. We report a case of acute promyelocytic leukemia where the clinical onset of the hematological disease was with acute BCS.

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SUMMARYHypercalcaemia is a common complication of malignancy seen in about 10% of cases of advanced cancer. Although hypercalcaemia is not uncommon with endocrine tumour of the pancreas, hypercalcaemia with cancer of the exocrine pancreas unrelated to bone metastasis has been rarely reported. We report a case of undifferentiated pancreatic cancer with severe hypercalcaemia due to parathyroid hormone‐related protein produced by the tumour cells that did not respond to medical management.