U.S. per capita shell egg consumption has declined steadily since 1955 despite a falling real price. This paper investigates how information about cholesterol, as measured by a newly constructed index based on medical journal articles, has affected U.S. demand for shell eggs. The results of a fixed coefficient model indicate that information on the links between cholesterol and heart disease had decreased per capita shell egg consumption by 16% to 25% by the first quarter of 1987. A simple changing coefficient model indicates that cholesterol information has changed shell eggs' own price and income elasticities, so that the 1955-87 falling egg price and rising income increased egg consumption less than they otherwise would have.
The present study highlights the effects of the dual-task cognitive-gait intervention (CGI) on working memory and gait functions in older adults with a history of falls. Thirteen older adults with a history of falls were recruited from local community centers and randomly stratified into either the control (n = 5) or experimental (n = 8) group. The experimental group received the dual-task cognitive-motor intervention involving simultaneous motor (walking) and cognitive (memory recall) task whereas the control group received a placebo treatment (walking with simple music). The intervention was provided 30 minutes per session, over a 6-week period. Memory measures included a combination of word recall and arithmetic task. Gait function measures included velocity and center of pressure (COP) stability. Non-parametric tests were used at p < 0.05. The experimental group showed a greater memory performance than the control (p < 0.05). However, no significant intervention-related changes in gait velocity and stability were observed. Our findings provide the first evidence in literature to demonstrate that the long-term dual-task cognitive-motor intervention improved memory of older adults with a history of falls under the dual cognitive motor task condition.
This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full programme and will be published in full in Vol. 22, No. 28. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. Additional funding was provided by the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and the Oxford NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care.
Washing of platelet components for transfusion may be indicated in selected patients. This study was designed to determine a protocol using an automated cell processor to remove plasma proteins from pooled platelet concentrates, stored at 20 to 24 degrees C with constant rotation. A 1500-ml, 0.9% saline-wash procedure is described. Eight percent of the platelets were lost with the procedure (range, 0-19%), while a mean of 99.6 percent of the plasma protein was removed (range, 99.2-99.8%). The clinical effectiveness of maternal platelets washed by this method was demonstrated in a case of alloimmune neonatal thrombocytopenia.
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