No abstract

High intakes of dairy products, milk, low-fat milk, cheese, and total, dietary, and dairy calcium, but not supplemental or nondairy calcium, may increase total prostate cancer risk. The diverging results for types of dairy products and sources of calcium suggest that other components of dairy rather than fat and calcium may increase prostate cancer risk. Any additional studies should report detailed results for subtypes of prostate cancer.

All measures of adiposity were associated with increased risk of endometrial cancer, and in addition increasing height was associated with increased risk.

In this meta-analysis of prospective studies, there was an inverse association between dietary fiber intake and breast cancer risk.

Abstract:Background: Evidence for an association between fruit and vegetable intake and breast

Background: Current evidence indicates that red and processed meat intake increases the

the evidence relating body fatness to ovarian cancer risk was considered inconclusive, while the evidence supported a probably causal relationship between adult attained height and increased risk. Several additional cohort studies have since been published, and therefore we conducted an updated meta-analysis of the evidence as part of the Continuous Update Project. We searched PubMed and several other databases up to 20th of August 2014. Summary relative risks (RRs) were calculated using a random effects model. The summary relative risk for a 5-U increment in BMI was 1.07 (95% CI: 1.03-1.11, I2 5 54%, n 5 28 studies). There was evidence of a nonlinear association, p nonlinearity < 0.0001, with risk increasing significantly from BMI~28 and above. The summary RR per 5 U increase in BMI in early adulthood was 1.12 (95% CI: 1.05-1.20, I 2 5 0%, p heterogeneity 5 0.54, n 5 6), per 5 kg increase in body weight was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.02-1.05, I 2 5 0%, n 5 4) and per 10 cm increase in waist circumference was 1.06 (95% CI: 1.00-1.12, I 2 5 0%, n 5 6). No association was found for weight gain, hip circumference or waist-to-hip ratio.The summary RR per 10 cm increase in height was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.11-1.21, I 2 5 32%, n 5 16). In conclusion, greater body fatness as measured by body mass index and weight are positively associated risk of ovarian cancer, and in addition, greater height is associated with increased risk. Further studies are needed to clarify whether abdominal fatness and weight gain is associated with risk.Ovarian cancer is the 7th most common cancer in women and accounts for 3.6% of all new cancer cases in women.

Blood concentrations of carotenoids are more strongly associated with reduced breast cancer risk than are carotenoids assessed by dietary questionnaires. Our results suggest that the use of certain biomarkers may clarify inconsistent and weak results between dietary intake and breast cancer risk.