Seeds treatment is a relevant factor in the soybean production system. The aim of this work was to evaluate composition and volumes of slurry used in industrial treatment of soybean seeds, and their physiological quality during storage. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 20x4 factorial scheme, i.e. 20 seeds treatments and four storage periods (0, 30, 90 and 150 days). Seeds of the cultivars NS7667IPRO and NS7709IPRO were used. The slurry composition tested were a combination of fungicide and insecticide Standak top® (Fipronil + Piraclostrobin + Thiophanate Methyl), polymer L551Incotec® and water, in order to obtain the volumes of 450, 700 and 1200 mL.100 kg of seeds-1, and the controls treatment. The physiological quality was assessed by germination in sand and accelerated aging tests. Genotypes showed distinct tolerance to seed treatment industrial , slurry volumes and storage. Treatments with Standak top®, polymer and water, with volumes of up to 1200 mL.100 kg seed-1, and stored for 150 days in cold chamber were not harmful for germination of cultivar NS7667IPRO. As for cultivar NS7709IPRO, the tolerance was 90 days. Treating seeds with large slurry volumes is detrimental to maintain seeds vigor during storage, with depreciation after 30 days, especially with water predominance.

The use of an appropriate method that accurately expresses physiological seed quality and minimizes possible phytotoxicity by chemical products in laboratory testing with soybean seeds is relevant. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence and infer the method adequacy for the representative evaluation of physiological quality of soybean seeds treated with phytosanitary products. Two experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design, with trial 1 in a 9×5 factorial scheme involving nine seed treatments, including fungicides and insecticides, and solutions with five osmotic potentials (0, -0.25, -0.5, -0.75 and -1.0 MPa) for wetting a paper substrate in a germination experiment, with evaluation of the normal seedlings at five and eight days after sowing. The second experiment consisted of a 9×7 factorial, with nine seed treatments and seven methods for germination evaluation at 5 days (between paper - BP, between sand - BS, between paper with water restriction - BPWR, between paper with preconditioning - BPC, sand between paper - SBP and vermiculite between paper - VBP). Treatments with insecticides affect seedling germination and evaluation, with greater phytotoxicity in relation to fungicides. Methods with readily available water led to greater phytotoxicity than methods with low water availability. For soybean germination evaluation of seeds treated with phytosanitary products, the BPC, SBP and VBP methods were optimal.

Due to increased use of treated seeds, studies are necessary in relation to the effects of the treatments and their possible consequences on seed quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate phytotoxicity according to when phytosanitary products are applied on soybean seeds and their effect on seed physiological quality and field performance. A completely randomized experimental design was used in a 9 × 2 factorial arrangement involving 9 seed treatments (fungicides and insecticides) and two application times (60 days before sowing and at the time of sowing in the field). Moisture content was determined and tests were performed to ascertain physiological quality (germination and germination under water restriction). Root and hypocotyl length, seedling length, and vigor and uniformity indices were evaluated with the assistance of Vigor-S®. In the field, the following determinations were made: plant height at 30 and 60 days after emergence, first pod height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and yield. Early seed treatment in the soybean crop can affect initial development of the plants, but it does not affect yield. The phytotoxicity caused by the soybean seed treatment was observed in the root length characteristic.

RESUMOObjetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o comportamento fisiológico de diferentes genótipos de tomateiro, a fim de contribuir com a seleção de plantas com tolerância ao estresse hídrico. Utilizou-se o delineamento casualizado em blocos, com três blocos e dez tratamentos, sendo: oito genótipos F 2 RC 1 [UFU80-F 2 RC 1 #1 (3.5); UFU102-F 2 RC 1 #7 (13.4); UFU102-F 2 RC 1 #7 (13.3); UFU102-F 2 RC 1 #7 (16.8); UFU102-F 2 RC 1 #3 (2.7); UFU80-F 2 RC 1 #1 (11.8); UFU102-F 2 RC 1 #7 (16.7); UFU102-F 2 RC 1 #3 (14.5) ], e outros dois genótipos utilizados como testemunhas UFU-650 e LA-716. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido com monitoramento da densidade de fluxo (W m -2 ), radiação solar global (Qg), temperatura do ar (ºC), umidade relativa do ar (%) e o potencial mátrico no substrato (kPa). As características fisiológicas coletadas foram: temperatura foliar (T leaf ), CO 2 interno (Ci), transpiração (E), condutância estomática (gs) e assimilação de CO 2 (A), determinadas pelo analisador portátil de gás no infravermelho -IRGA. Pode-se observar que o acesso selvagem S. pennellii foi 6,96 vezes inferior em relação ao genitor recorrente UFU-650 (linhagem pré-comercial, susceptível ao déficit hídrico). A condutância estomática (gs) apresentou valores significativos entre os genótipos. Os resultados obtidos contribuem para caracterização fisiológica do acesso Solanum pennellii (tolerante a seca) e podem auxiliar na seleção de plantas F 2 RC 1 resistentes ao déficit hídrico. Palavras-chave: déficit hídrico, estresse abiótico, Solanum lycopersicum Selection of tomato genotypes under water stress due to the expression of physiological characteristics ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological behavior of different tomato genotypes to assist in the selection of plants with tolerance to drought stress. It was used three blocks random and ten treatments: eight genotypes F 2 RC 1 [UFU80-F 2 RC 1 #1 (3.5); UFU102-F 2 RC 1 #7 (13.4); UFU102-F 2 RC 1 #7 (13.3); UFU102-F 2 RC 1 #7 (16.8); UFU102-F 2 RC 1 #3 (2.7); UFU80-F 2 RC 1 #1 (11.8); UFU102-F 2 RC 1 #7 (16.7); UFU102-F 2 RC 1 #3 (14.5)], UFU-650 and LA-716. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with monitoring the flux density (W m -2 ), solar radiation (Qg), air temperature (°C), relative humidity (%) and the matric potential in the substrate (kPa). The collected physiological characteristics were: leaf temperature (Tleaf), internal CO 2 (Ci), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs) and CO 2 assimilation (A), determined by portable gas analyzer infrared -IRGA. It was observed that the wild tomato S. pennellii was 6.96 times lower than the recurrent parent UFU-650 (pre-commercial line, susceptible to drought). The stomatal conductance (gs) showed significant values among genotypes. The results contribute to physiological characterization access S. pennellii (drought tolerant) and can assist in the selection of F 2 RC 1 plants resistant to drought.

Coffee seeds are classified as intermediate because they have low tolerance to desiccation and low longevity. Consequently, moisture control and storage conditions are important factors in maintaining the physiological quality of these seeds. Thus, the objective in this work was to evaluate the water content effect on coffee seed longevity. Seeds of five Coffea arabica cultivars from the 2016/2017 crop were used. Part of the harvested seeds was dried in the shade until reach 12% moisture and the other part did not go through drying process, remaining with 40% water content. The seeds were stored in a cold chamber at 10 ºC for a period of nine months, and the physiological quality was evaluated every three months by germination, root protrusion, seedlings with expanded cotyledonary leaves, seedling dry mass and enzymatic analysis of catalase enzymes and superoxide dismutase. Regardless of the cultivar, wet seeds coffee storage provides better maintenance of physiological quality for up to nine months. Seedling vigor is reduced throughout the storage period, regardless of seed water content.