BackgroundAlthough exercise training is known to promote post-exercise hypotension, there is currently no consistent argument about the effects of manipulating its various components (intensity, duration, rest periods, types of exercise, training methods) on the magnitude and duration of hypotensive response.ObjectiveTo compare the effect of continuous and interval exercises on hypotensive response magnitude and duration in hypertensive patients by using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM).MethodsThe sample consisted of 20 elderly hypertensives. Each participant underwent three ABPM sessions: one control ABPM, without exercise; one ABPM after continuous exercise; and one ABPM after interval exercise. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and double product (DP) were monitored to check post-exercise hypotension and for comparison between each ABPM.ResultsABPM after continuous exercise and after interval exercise showed post-exercise hypotension and a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in SBP, DBP, MAP and DP for 20 hours as compared with control ABPM. Comparing ABPM after continuous and ABPM after interval exercise, a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in SBP, DBP, MAP and DP was observed in the latter.ConclusionContinuous and interval exercise trainings promote post-exercise hypotension with reduction in SBP, DBP, MAP and DP in the 20 hours following exercise. Interval exercise training causes greater post-exercise hypotension and lower cardiovascular overload as compared with continuous exercise.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the indexes and the main factors associated with non-adherence to medication treatment for systemic arterial hypertension between urban and rural areas. METHOD: analytical study based on an epidemiological survey with a sample of 247 hypertensive residents of rural and urban areas, with application of a socio-demographic and economic questionnaire, and treatment adherence assessment. The Pearson's Chi-square test was used and the odds ratio (OD) was calculated to analyze the factors related to non-adherence. RESULTS: the prevalence of non-adherence was 61.9% and it was higher in urban areas (63.4%). Factors significantly associated with non-adherence were: male gender (OR=1.95; 95% CI 1.08-3.50), age 20-59 years old (OR=2.51; 95% CI 1.44-4.39), low economic status (OR=1.95; 95% CI 1.09-3.47), alcohol consumption (OR=5.92, 95% CI 1.73-20.21), short time of hypertension diagnosis (OR=3.07; 95% CI 1.35-6.96) and not attending the health service for routine consultations (OR=2.45; 1.35-4.42). CONCLUSION: the socio-demographic/economic characteristics, lifestyle habits and how to relate to health services were the factors that presented association with non-adherence regardless of the place of residence.

Objective: To identify blood pressure values and estimate the frequency of risk factors for hypertension among middle school students. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross sectional study, conducted in schools in the southeastern region of Brazil. The sample consisted of 184 adolescents enrolled in the second semester of middle school, in 2009. In addition to the measurement of clinical variables, instruments were applied to identify risk factors associated with hypertension. Results: An alteration in blood pressure was a parameter detected in 22.3% of the sample. Among the risk factors investigated, family history of cardiovascular disease and alcohol consumption were the most prevalent. Conclusion:There is need to enhance the measures of primary prevention and early detection of arterial hypertension among adolescents, with special attention to the assessment of family history and adoption of risk habits. Keywords: Blood pressure; Hypertension; Risk factors; Students ResumoObjetivo: Identificar os valores pressóricos e estimar a frequência de fatores de risco para a hipertensão arterial entre estudantes do ensino médio. Métodos: Estudo descritivo de corte transversal, desenvolvido em escolas da Região Sudeste brasileira. Fizeram parte da amostra 184 adolescentes matriculados na segunda série do ensino médio, em 2009. Além da mensuração das variáveis clínicas, foram aplicados instrumentos para identificação de fatores de risco associados à doença hipertensiva. Resultados: A alteração pressórica foi um parâmetro detectado em 22,3% da amostra. Dentre os fatores de risco investigados, o histórico familiar de doenças cardiovasculares e o consumo de álcool foram os mais prevalentes. Conclusão: Há necessidade de valorizar as medidas de prevenção primária e detecção precoce da hipertensão arterial entre adolescentes, com especial atenção para a avaliação dos antecedentes familiares e adoção de hábitos de risco. Descritores: Pressão arterial; Hipertensão; Fatores de risco; Estudantes ResumenObjetivo: Identificar los valores presóricos y estimar la frecuencia de los factores de riesgo para la hipertensión arterial entre estudiantes de enseñanza media. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, desarrollado en escuelas de la Región Sudeste brasileña. Conformaron la muestra 184 adolescentes matriculados en la segunda serie de la enseñanza media, en el 2009. Además de la mensuración de las variables clínicas, se aplicaron instrumentos para la identificación de factores de riesgo asociados a la enfermedad hipertensiva. Resultados: La alteración presórica fue un parámetro detectado en el 22,3% de la muestra. Entre los factores de riesgo investigados, la historia clínica familiar de enfermedades cardiovasculares y el consumo de alcohol fueron los más prevalentes. Conclusión: Hay necesidad de valorizar las medidas de prevención primaria y detección precoz de la hipertensión arterial entre adolescentes, con especial atención a la evaluación de los antecedentes familiares y adopción de hábitos de riesgo. Descri...

Introduction Studies have described the possible relation between oral infections and atherosclerotic events. Objective To characterize the oral microbiota of normotensive and hypertensive users of dental prostheses. Methods The sample consisted of 41 complete dental prosthesis users, divided into groups: 21 participants with systemic arterial hypertension and 20 normotensive participants. The data collection included the characteristics of the sociodemographic variables and the determination of the microbial load in the saliva. For the descriptive analyses, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was used. The description of the proportional differences between the groups was based on the application of Mann–Whitney's statistical test. Statistical significance was set at 5% (p < 0.05). Results The analysis of the oral microbiota showed the vast growth of aerobic microorganisms in all samples from both groups. The microbial load of streptococci and staphylococci was significantly higher among hypertensive participants. Candida yeasts were detected in the saliva culture of most samples. The hypertensive participants rank in the category of very high colonization index/high risk of infection related to this microorganism. Conclusions The mouth of dental prosthesis users, especially when hypertensive, can constitute an important reservoir of pathogens, indicating an established inflammatory or infectious condition or risk for developing this condition.

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Objetivo: investigar a correlação entre indicadores de aterosclerose e índices de óxido nítrico salivar em usuários de próteses dentárias totais removíveis. Método: estudo transversal, quantitativo, correlacional. Foram avaliadas variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e bioquímicas. O óxido nítrico salivar foi dosado por técnica de quimioluminescência. Resultados: a amostra foi constituída por 44 indivíduos, na maioria mulheres, com 62,9±7,9 anos de idade; 38,7% apresentaram pressão arterial alterada, 56,8% tolerância diminuída à glicose, 22,7% níveis elevados de colesterol total e 22,7% Índice Tornozelo Braquial maior que 1,3. A média dos níveis de nitrato salivar foi de 462,2µM/ml, sem correlação entre esse marcador e as demais variáveis. Conclusão: a população estudada apresentou elevado risco cardiovascular e grande variação nos índices de óxido nítrico salivar, com média elevada desse marcador, o que sugere processo inflamatório bucal. O óxido nítrico salivar não se mostrou um bom marcador de alterações sistêmicas.