Symbolic simulation and uninterpreted functions have long been staple techniques for formal hardware verification. In recent years, we have adapted these techniques for the automatic, formal verification of low-level embedded software-specifically, checking the equivalence of different versions of assembly language programs. Our approach, though limited in scalability, has proven particularly promising for the intricate code optimizations and complex architectures typical of high-performance embedded software, such as for DSPs and VLIW processors. Indeed, one of our key findings was how easy it was to create or retarget our verification tools to different, even very complex, machines. The resulting tools automatically verified or found previously unknown bugs in several small sequences of industrial and published example code. This paper provides an introduction to these techniques and a review of our results.
Summary
The results of 552 radical operations for carcinoma of the cervix are presented.
475 cases were treated surgically before July 1965 with the following 5‐year survival rates:
Stage 1 189 cases 86·3 per cent
Stage 2a 103 cases 75·0 per cent
Stage 2b 78 cases 58·9 per cent
Other stages 41 cases 34·1 per cent
The operative technique, complications and results are set out in detail.
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