The main reasons for installation of power quality meters in distribution transformer substations are power quality monitoring and global evolution of electrical network towards the 'smart grid'. In case that all measurements from the meters are properly synchronised and centralised, new possibilities of control or evaluation of the network are enabled. This contribution proposes the possibility for an earth fault localisation with the aid of synchronised data recorded on the low-voltage side of the medium voltage/low voltage transformers in compensated neutral distribution networks which are equipped with auxiliary resistor for short-time increasing of the active part of the fault current. The described method uses voltage sags evoked by connecting of the auxiliary resistor for locating the faulty section. The proposed method is tested with the help of numerical model which presents a part of the distribution network.
The paper deals with the description and analysis of the method of the additional earthing of the affected phase used for the elimination of the fault current during an earth fault in a compensated network. The efficiency of this method is strongly influenced by the fault location and resistance and, in some cases, its application can lead to deteriorating the situation at the point of the fault and thus to increasing the risk of dangerous touch voltage. The paper analyses the results of the simulations of selected fault cases where the negative influence of the additional earthing of the affected phase on the fault current magnitude (and therefore on the occurrence of the dangerous touch voltage at the point of the fault and in the neighboring LV network) can be expected. All the theoretical conclusions and assumptions were consequently verified by experiments in a real distribution network. Their results were then used in the final part as a basis for proposing the measures to apply the method in MV distribution networks.
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