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In this study, we sought to determine the roles of albumin in wound healing, which is infused both pre- and postoperatively in malnourished patients presenting with hypoalbuminemia. For the purposes of the study, we used 25 male Sprague Dawley rats of predetermined weight and age, which were initially maintained in a standard environment and fed the same diet for 7 days prior to being segregated into one of the following five groups: A, control, normal protein feed (20% casein); B, hypoalbuminemia, 25% rat albumin infusion prior to surgery; C, hypoalbuminemia, normal protein feed (20% casein); D, hypoalbuminemia, 25% rat albumin infusion after surgery; and E, hypoalbuminemia, low-protein feed (casein 2%). The animals in all five groups were subjected to four deep incisions in their dorsal muscle fascia. On days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after surgery, ELISA was used to determine serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, CRP, and MMP-8, whereas immunohistochemistry was used to determine the tissue expression of EGFR, ERK1, ERK2, TGF-β, collagen, and MMP-8. Significant reductions in serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1, and CRP were detected in the groups receiving albumin infusion and the high-casein diet (P<0.05). The administration of albumin and a high-casein diet also increased the tissue expression of EGFR, ERK1, ERK2, TGF-β, and collagen and decreased that of MMP-8 relative to the hypoalbuminemia control (P<0.05). We propose that the administration of albumin promoted NF-κB signaling which, in turn, induced the transduction and transcription of factors involved in wound healing. Albumin infusion and dietary proteins play vital roles in accelerating the wound healing process, as they can contribute to correcting the hypoalbuminemic state. These findings provide insights that will contribute to our understanding of wound healing, particularly in malnourished patients.

Background and Objectives: Between 2007 and 2011, the mortality rate for burns patients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospi- tal, Surabaya, Indonesia was 14.1% and 60% were suspected to be sepsis-related. Immunosuppression, gut barrier disruption, and intestinal hypomotility cause bacterial and bacterial product translocation. Probiotics improve the intestinal microbiome and eventually reduce bacterial translocation, and an increased secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) secretion post-adminis- tration of a multi-species probiotic has been observed. We aimed to determine whether a single-strain probiotic administra- tion could show strengthened intestinal immunity, through an increase in SIgA levels, as with multi-strain probiotics. Materials and Methods: Sixteen burns patients from our hospital Burns Centre were randomized into three treatment groups, and the patients were administered either a placebo, a Lactobacillus reuteri protectis probiotic, or a Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 probiotic for 14 consecutive days. The SIgA levels were analyzed using ELISA pre- and post-treatment. Results: The post-treatment SIgA levels in the placebo, Lactobacillus reuteri protectis probiotic, and Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 probiotic groups were 222.56±74.22 mg/dL, 223.92±68.89 mg/dL, and 332.38±64.27 mg/dL, respectively. Decreased SIgA levels were observed in the placebo (7.19±15.87) and in the Lactobacillus reuteri protectis probiotic (1.9920±14.76) groups, whereas an increase was seen in the SIgA level in the Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 probiotic group (58.26±77.41). Conclusion: The Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 single-strain probiotic is generally superior to Lactobacillus reuteri protec- tis in altering intestinal immunity; however, this finding was not statistically significant. A multi-strain probiotic supplement is recommended for burns patients.

This study was to approve the increased secretion of Hsp 70, DNA damage, and inhibitor apoptosis protein in cisplatin therapy which influence apoptosis of oral cancer cell and to know mechanism of molecular pathology. This study was an in vitro experimental laboratory using Randomized Block Design. Cell culture of oral cancer divided from cisplatin resistance cancer cell and cancer cell never induce cisplatin. Two group of cancer cell would be given cisplatin therapy. Secretion of Hsp 70, DNA damage, Inhibitor of apoptosis protein, and apoptosis index would be examined. Cisplatin resistance cancer cell group showed lower apoptosis than never induce cisplatin cancer cell. Elevated secretion of Hsp 70 in cisplatin therapy group (p= 0.000, b=0.881). Lower secretion of DNA damage protein in cisplatin resistance cancer cell and it was not going apoptosis. In path regression analysis, cisplatin was significans through IAP pathway (p=0.000, b=0.726) to apoptosis. All type of cell cultures were also significans through IAP pathway (p=0.000, b=0.496) to apoptosis. Elevated IAP secretion influenced apoptosis (b= 1.000). In conclusion, cisplatin used IAP pathway to apoptosis. All type of cell cultures also used IAP pathway to apoptosis. Cisplatin resistance cell culture had stronger effect to IAP and IAP increased inhibition to apoptosis.

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BACKGROUND: Keloid is a form of wound healing that results from fibrous tissue activity. It can develop beyond the boundaries of the original wound, extends into the dermis layer, and disrupting the appearance. Previously, no studies have revealed a correlation between melanin pigment and keloid. AIM: This research aimed to describe the correlation between melanin concentration and collagen deposition in keloid tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study conducted through the application of a cross-sectional analytic survey method. The color of the skin was measured using a chromameter, and a histopathologic examination was performed on the skin surrounding the keloid, as well as the keloid tissue. Data were analyzed using a t-test, correlation, and linear regression statistics. RESULTS: The results showed a significant difference between melanin concentration and collagen deposition in the skin surrounding the keloid tissue. No significant difference was observed between melanin concentration in the surrounding skin of keloid and those in the keloid tissue, as well as collagen deposition. Meanwhile, the melanin concentration in the surrounding skin of keloid and keloid tissue had a significant relationship with fibrocytes number. CONCLUSION: There is a significant correlation between melanin concentrations and collagen density in the keloid tissue.

Latar Belakang. TGF-β merupakan growth factor yang paling dominan dalam peningkatan sintesis kolagen, memiliki peran utama pada penyembuhan luka dengan menstimulasi fibroblas sehingga menimbulkan penyembuhan dan berperan serta dalam pembentukan parut, baik itu parut normal maupun abnormal seperti parut hipertrofik dan keloid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kadar TGF-β pada fase penyembuhan luka.Metode. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan randomized post test only control group design. Dua belas luka akut kulit tikus dirandomisasi menjadi dua kelompok, dimana kelompok 1 diambil spesimen pada hari ke-5 dan kelompok 2 pada hari ke-21 dan dilakukan pemeriksaan ELISA untuk mengukur kadar TGF-.Hasil. Pengukuran kadar TGF-β pada luka akut kulit tikus didapatkan jumlah yang meningkat secara signifikan dari hari ke-5 (fase inflamasi) ke hari ke-21 (fase proliferasi) dengan nilai p = 0,003. Kesimpulan. Terjadi peningkatan kadar TGF- pada akhir fase proliferasi atau awal fase remodelling. Hal ini menyebabkan peningkatan proliferasi fibroblas untuk mensintesis kolagen yang nantinya dapat menjadi parut hipertrofik dan keloid.