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Mixing immiscible liquids typically requires the use of auxiliary substances including phase transfer catalysts, microgels, surfactants, complex polymers and nano- particles and/or micromixers. Centrifugally separated immiscible liquids of different densities...

Graphene oxide scrolls (GOS) are fabricated in high yield from a colloidal suspension of graphene oxide (GO) sheets under shear stress in a vortex fluidic device (VFD) while irradiated with a pulsed laser operating at 1064 nm and 250 mJ. This is in the absence of any other reagents with the structure of the GOS established using powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

Macroporous bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles with controllable diameter were readily fabricated in a rapidly rotating angled glass tube in a vortex fluidic device (VFD). Systematically varying the rotational speed and the ratio of BSA, ethanol, and glutaraldehyde led to conditions for generating ca. 600 nm diameter macroporous particles that have intrinsic fluorescence emission at 520 nm when excited at 490 nm. The presence of the macropores increased the absorption efficiency of rhodamine B with potential applications for drug delivery purpose, compared with BSA nanoparticles having surfaces devoid of pores. Further control over the size of BSA nanoparticles occurred in the presence of C-phycocyanin protein during the VFD processing, along with control of their shape, from spheres to pockets, as established in exploring the parameter space of the microfluidic device.

Micromixing of an o-xylene solution of C60 with N-N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at room temperature under continuous flow in a vortex fluidic device (VFD) results in the formation of symmetrical right cones in high yield with diameters 0.5 to 2.5 μm, pitch angle 25° to 55° and wall thickness 120 to 310 nm. Their formation is in the absence of surfactants and any other reagents, and is scalable. The cones are formed at specific operating parameters of the VFD, including rotational speed, flow rate and concentration, and varying these results in other structures such as grooved fractals. Other aromatic solvents in place of o-xylene results in the formation of rods, spicules and prisms, respectively for m-xylene, p-xylene and mesitylene.