Recent approaches to the study of intergroup contact have emphasised the need for naturalistic studies and the importance of paying attention to the spatiality of contact. In this article it is argued that it is important to preserve both spatiality and temporality when studying inter-group contact in naturalistic settings. This is not easy to do with existing observational methods, and a novel approach is proposed. Photographs are taken of a public space with a fi xed periodicity and vantage point, and with knowledge of the physical layout of the space, three-dimensional, time-marked data points are recorded for each inhabitant. A public space on a university campus was used as a test bed, and data are reported that show it to be very useful, giving fresh insights into the nature of segregation and
2670 {dnunez, edwin}@cs.uct.ac.za
ABSTRACTWe propose a synthesis of two current major approaches to understanding the effectiveness of VR systems. We propose cognitive presence as a single, unified concept of presence which includes previous ideas of presence in a cognitive psychological framework, and propose a methodology for measuring it. We then critically examine the notion of cognitive presence, as a way of conceptualizing HCI quality in virtual environments.
2.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.