This review examines the diagnosis and management of iliopsoas bursitis and/or tendinitis. It is a relatively uncommon and unrecognised cause of anterior hip pain and anterior snapping hip. In view of its pathology, iliopsoas bursitis might be better referred to as iliopsoas syndrome. It can usually be diagnosed by history and physical examination, though real time ultrasound may be useful in confirming the diagnosis. Magnetic resonance and computerised tomography imaging have limited roles in its diagnosis, but may identify other pathology or surgical lesions. Nonoperative management has not been well established. Surgical management does not guarantee treatment success. There is a need for further research into both diagnostic and treatment options for those patients with iliopsoas bursitis/tendinitis.
Low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder affecting golfers, yet little is known of the specific mechanisms responsible for this injury. The aim of this study was to compare golf swing spinal motion in three movement planes between six male professional golfers with low back pain (age 29.2+/-6.4 years; height 1.79+/-0.04 m; body mass 78.2+/-12.2 kg; mean +/- s) and six without low back pain (age 32.7+/-4.8 years; height 1.75+/-0.03 m; body mass 85.8+/-10.9 kg) using a lightweight triaxial electrogoniometer. We found that golfers with low back pain tended to flex their spines more when addressing the ball and used significantly greater left side bending on the backswing. Golfers with low back pain also had less trunk rotation(obtained from a neutral posture), which resulted in a relative 'supramaximal' rotation of their spines when swinging. Pain-free golfers demonstrated over twice as much trunk flexion velocity on the downswing, which could relate to increased abdominal muscle activity in this group. This study is the first to show distinct differences in the swing mechanics between golfers with and without low back pain and provides valuable guidance for clinicians and teachers to improve technique to facilitate recovery from golf-related low back pain.
Abdominal muscle activity and muscle fatigue characteristics were quite similar between AC and CLBP subjects after repetitive golf swings. Despite this, it was clear that repetitive golf swings were aggravating some part of the musculoskeletal system in CLBP subjects, which resulted in increased pain in the low back area.
This study aimed to examine ownership and usage frequencies of electrotherapeutic modalities typically found in private physiotherapy practices in Brisbane. The survey included 73 practices, representing 70 per cent of the selected sample. Results revealed that ultrasound units were used more "frequently" than any other modality. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential units were also used extensively. Short-wave diathermy units were found in more clinics than any other heating modality. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation was the only modality to demonstrate a significant difference [p< 0:05) in "Frequent" usage between practitioners aged under 31 and those 31 and older. Overall, the majority of respondents (77.5 per cent) trained at the University of Queensland, a fact which may have influenced the identified trends.
The simple and elegant Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction has been used to synthesise a designed range of new aniline-based tetramers in one step, and without the need for protecting groups. Variation of the central aromatic ring has provided the opportunity to carefully tune the optoelectronic properties in this series, thus enabling a structure-activity relationship study by using a range of photophysical and electrochemical techniques. As a result, the long-proposed sequences of electron-electron (EE) and electron-chemical (EC) processes that support the complex redox and proton-transfer reactions involved in the well-known switching of redox states of poly- and oligo(aniline)s are revealed here for the first time. We also present the initial results from time-dependent DFT calculations to clarify the optoelectronic behaviour of these oligomers. The dc-conductivity measurements of conducting thin films of this series, doped with the prototypical poly(aniline) protonating agent D,L-camphor-10-sulfonic acid (CSA), externally plasticised with triphenyl phosphate (TPP), and processed from m-cresol (MC) solutions, are also presented.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.