Purpose of Review COVID-19 (coronavirus viral disease 2019), due to the novel SARS-CoV-2, may present with different types of cutaneous manifestations of varying pathophysiology. During the ongoing pandemic, publications reporting dermatologic findings in COVID-19 continue to emerge. Recent Findings Cutaneous vasculopathy and microthrombus-related changes including acral and sacral lesions, retiform purpura, livedo reticularis, and cutaneous vasculitis are notable findings in adult patients. Other exanthems include urticaria or angioedema, morbilliform/maculopapular exanthems, erythema multiforme, and vesicular eruptions. Increased recognition of these findings, especially those consistent with cutaneous microthrombi or vasculitis, is of particular importance. Additionally, occupational dermatologic disease related to extended personal protective equipment (PPE) use, such as skin damage and irritant or allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), represents another emerging problem amidst the pandemic. Summary In this review, we highlight the various cutaneous manifestations associated with COVID-19 in adult patients and occupational dermatitis in health care workers (HCWs) caring for this patient population. Keywords COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2. Cutaneous manifestations. Dermatologic. Rash. Contact dermatitis Abbreviations AAD American Academy of Dermatology ACD Allergic contact dermatitis ACE2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 AD Atopic dermatitis AGEP Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome COVID-19 Coronarvirus viral disease 2019 CSSV Cutaneous small vessel vasculitis DIC Disseminated intravascular coagulation DiHS/DRESS Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms HCW Health care worker ICD Irritant contact dermatitis ITP Immune thrombocytopenic purpura PPE Personal protective equipment PT Patch test RT-PCR Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 SDRIFE Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema This article is part of the Topical Collection on Allergic Skin Diseases
Archaeological evidence from western Victoria and southeast South Australia has been used to develop models of late Holocene change. In this paper we reassess some of the primary data, concentrating on radiocarbon dates available from over eighty sites in the area. A general methodological critique and discussion of each different site-type exposes fundamental problems in establishing a basic sequence and demonstrating the nature of change. An argument is put forward that late Holocene developments in this area are the latest in a continuous series, and do not require the special explanation of 'intensification'.
This paper presents the results of chemical and lead isotope analyses of 17 Early and Middle Bronze Age artefacts from Cyprus. These suggest that a number of objects are of non-Cypriot copper and lead to the identification of several as imports, a new explanation for some artefact types as ingots and a discussion of the nature of deposits at the key Cypriot site of Vasilia. This in turn allows a reconsideration of the role of Cyprus in an Aegean/eastern Mediterranean metals trade in the early years of the second half of the third millennium BC and of the development of metalworking on the island. artefact description and provenance (jmw and df)
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