Salinity was the first factor determining community composition and structure in Rambla Salada stream followed by the type of habitat.

This methodological article provides a Mixed Method approach to analyze how the Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility (TPSR) Model is feasible to enhance student’s autonomy. The objective is to detect how teachers’ behavior-oriented patterns shift in response to continuing professional development to reinforce TPSR strategies. We compared the application of TPSR by three teachers who had previously attended a training course for this model, with that of an expert in the model. A total of 44 sessions of primary and secondary school semesters in various subjects, taught by all four teachers and comprising 120 students. A mixed-method approach followed in the study involved: (a) the Observational System of Teaching Oriented Responsibility (OSTOR), which revealed how the teachers’ behavior patterns shifted over their interventions, and (b) the Tool for Assessing Responsibility-Based Education (TARE 2.0.), which focused on perceived behaviors by teachers and student behaviors. Data analysis was conducted for (a) the T-pattern detection technique, (b) polar coordinate analysis to obtain detailed sequences of instruction, and (c) descriptive and correlational analysis from the TARE. The mixed-method analysis of data confirms how the TPSR improved the teaching behaviors of the three teachers in training compared with the expert teacher.

-We present the results of 25 years of study of the faunistics, biogeography, ecology and conservation of the Hydradephaga of the Segura river basin. Eighty one species have been recorded from the area, ca. 45% of the total of species found in the Iberian peninsula. Six of them are Iberian endemics, and fourteen are considered to be rare within the basin, although most of these are not rare in an Iberian context. The phenetic hierarchy of relationships among the western-Palaearctic regions considered shows a clear similarity of the fauna of the Segura basin with that of the Maghreb, which, together with the rest of the Iberian fauna form a well defined group isolated from the rest of the European areas. Within the Iberobalear region, there is also a clear north-south division, with a secondary classification into western and eastern basins. The Balearic islands seem to be a relatively independent biogeographical unit, although more related with the southern cluster. The environmental characteristics determining the distribution of the Hydradephagan fauna in the study area, as determined by Correspondence Analysis, are altitude, degree of mineralization of the water, and amount and type of riparian vegetation. Using a semi-quantitative scoring system to evaluate the vulnerability of the species only Hydroporus decipiens had a vulnerability value considered to be high (9), due to its rarity within the basin and to its general restricted distribution, although the incomplete knowledge of its distribution and taxonomy could be a distorting factor. With a similar value (8), Nebrioporus baeticus is a typical inhabitant of saline running waters, highly endangered habitat due to the increasing use of irrigation in the surrounding fields. The stations with the highest conservation interest were mountain streams in the NW of the basin, which are also of high conservation interest for other aquatic Coleoptera (e.g. Hydraenidae). A disadvantage of the index applied (IC, "conservation interest") is the lack of reference to the conservation interest of habitats outside the study area. Thus, the saline or hypersaline streams, which are extremely rare in an European (or even global) context, are not considered of particular relevance due to the poor species richness and local abundance. The use of other criteria for the selection of sites of conservation value, such as complementarity, could overcome this limitation. Riassunto -Gli Idroadefagi del bacino del Segura (Spagna sud-orientale): venticinque anni studiando coleotteri acquatici (Coleoptera).Gli autori presentano i risultati di 25 anni di studio sulla faunistica, biogeografia, ecologia e conservazione degli Hydradephaga del bacino del fiume Segura. Ottantuno specie sono state segnalate dell'area, pari a circa il 45% delle specie note della Penisola Iberica. Sei di queste specie sono endemiche iberiche e 14 sono considerate rare nel bacino, malgrado la maggior parte di queste non siano rare nel contesto iberico. La gerarchia fenetica delle relazioni tra le aree o...

During the COVID-19 pandemic, lung ultrasound has been revealed as a powerful technique for diagnosis and follow-up of pneumonia, the principal complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nevertheless, being a relatively new and unknown technique, the lack of trained personnel has limited its application worldwide. Computer-aided diagnosis could possibly help to reduce the learning curve for less experienced physicians, and to extend such a new technique such as lung ultrasound more quickly. This work presents the preliminary results of the ULTRACOV (Ultrasound in Coronavirus disease) study, aimed to explore the feasibility of a real-time image processing algorithm for automatic calculation of the lung ultrasound score (LUS). A total of 28 patients positive on COVID-19 were recruited and scanned in 12 thorax zones following the lung score protocol, saving a 3 s video at each probe position. Those videos were evaluated by an experienced physician and by a custom developed automated detection algorithm, looking for A-Lines, B-Lines, consolidations, and pleural effusions. The agreement between the findings of the expert and the algorithm was 88.0% for B-Lines, 93.4% for consolidations and 99.7% for pleural effusion detection, and 72.8% for the individual video score. The standard deviation of the patient lung score difference between the expert and the algorithm was ±2.2 points over 36. The exam average time with the ULTRACOV prototype was 5.3 min, while with a conventional scanner was 12.6 min. Conclusion: A good agreement between the algorithm output and an experienced physician was observed, which is a first step on the feasibility of developing a real-time aided-diagnosis lung ultrasound equipment. Additionally, the examination time was reduced to less than half with regard to a conventional ultrasound exam. Acquiring a complete lung ultrasound exam within a few minutes is possible using fairly simple ultrasound machines that are enhanced with artificial intelligence, such as the one we propose. This step is critical to democratize the use of lung ultrasound in these difficult times.

El sureste de la península ibérica se caracteriza por un importante número de días de cielos despejados al año. Bajo condiciones estables, durante las horas nocturnas, se desarrollan procesos de inversión térmica nocturna (ITN) con una notable alteración vertical y espacial en la distribución térmica superficial. El principal objetivo de la investigación es cuantificar el grado de importancia de los procesos de estabilidad nocturna en el sureste peninsular, y su influencia en las temperaturas mínimas superficiales. A través del análisis diario de sondeos atmosféricos nocturnos de la ciudad de Murcia (1986-2015) se identifica la estratificación vertical, frecuencia, tipología o intensidad de los fenómenos de ITN. Los resultados indican una notable importancia y predominio a lo largo del año (83,7% del total), especialmente en invierno. Se realiza, además, un estudio temporal reciente de los procesos de ITN y de las principales variables que lo desencadenan. Finalmente, el análisis se complementa con una caracterización de la capacidad de inversión de los procesos de estabilidad nocturna en superficie a través de 135 estaciones meteorológicas.

Espín Sánchez et al. | Las lluvias torrenciales e inundaciones de los días 17 y 18 de diciembre de 2016 en la […] RESUMENEl episodio lluvioso del 17 y 18 de diciembre de 2016 es uno de los más significativos acaecidos en el Sureste Peninsular durante las dos últimas décadas. En el presente trabajo se analiza la incidencia de dicho suceso en la Región de Murcia, y de manera particular en el área vertiente del Mar Menor, donde se produjeron las inundaciones más importantes. Mediante el seguimiento de diferentes bandas satelitales del METEOSAT, imágenes de radares meteorológicos y datos de sondeos atmosféricos se han estudiado las situaciones sinópticas y la dinámica atmosférica que acompañó al suceso. A partir de los registros de un total de 129 estaciones meteorológicas, pertenecientes a diferentes Organismos, se ha confeccionado un mapa de la precipitación acumulada durante el episodio y otro de anomalía pluviométrica de diciembre de 2016 en comparación con el promedio de dicho mes en el período 1981-2010. También ha sido analizada la precipitación máxima alcanzada en 1 y 12 horas para un total de 64 estaciones, en relación con los umbrales y niveles de aviso establecidos por AEMET. Finalmente, se han empleado dos métodos hidrometeorológicos, el HU adimensional del SCS (HU SCS) y el HU de Témez (HUT), para el cálculo de los caudales pico de avenida que circularon por las ramblas litorales del Mar Menor y causaron inundaciones en la zona de Los Alcázares. Según los resultados más consistentes del modelo HU SCS, los caudales punta de las ramblas del Albujón y de la Maraña generados por este suceso en dicha zona se estiman en torno a 820 y 258 m 3 /s respectivamente.Palabras clave | episodio lluvioso; 17-18 de diciembre 2016; situación sinóptica; lluvia acumulada; anomalía pluviométrica; inundaciones; modelización hidrológica; Región de Murcia; área vertiente del Mar Menor. ABSTRACTThe heavy rains on December 17-18, 2016

The central Antilles Islands experience short periods of heavy rainfall during the spring season (April and May) when trade winds weaken across the Caribbean Sea. Composite analysis of the top 10 flood events in the period 1979-2005 is carried out to understand the meteorological forcing. Cases are selected when mean rainfall over Puerto Rico exceeds 50 mm day 21 and emergency management reports indicate the day is a ''declared weather disaster.'' In the NCEP-NCAR composite analyses, pulses of moisture shift westward across the tropical Atlantic about 10 days before a flood event. Five days before the composite flood a westerly trough penetrates eastward from the Gulf of Mexico. Northward flow develops over the Caribbean Sea and a southwest-oriented cloud band extends from Colombia toward Puerto Rico. A key feature of the midtropospheric circulation field is the development of anomalous twin rotors east of Florida in the mid-to upper troposphere. The flood events coincide with a change in zonal wind shear from westerly to easterly that is brought about by slow tropical and fast subtropical wave systems.

The scarcity of water in the Campo de Cartagena has limited its exploitation, which is why, historically, runoff water has been used through sustainable traditional practices which have been dismissed by technological advances. In order to demonstrate the potential of this resource at present, an analysis by interpolation of rainfall distribution in the sub-basin of the Rambla de Fuente Álamo-Albujón was carried out (for the intense rainfall episodes of 2012 and 2016) as well as hydraulic modelling of the estimation of surface runoff. In addition, taking into account the future climate scenarios, a projection of the total runoff in the study area was made up to the year 2100. The bibliographic review and the press analysis showed that the traditional use of runoff water has remained in disuse, although there are infrastructures to collect water from floods but with an eminently sanitary purpose. The current model of agricultural and touristic exploitation is giving rise to serious socio-environmental conflicts which manifest in obsolescence. Therefore, the increase in the availability of water with the use of a specific endogenous resource may lead to a decrease in the pressures exerted on the study area.