Five small Minnesota towns are examined one year after the arrival of six large discount stores. Three hundred consumers were surveyed to determine reasons for store choice and how the new discounters affected shopping. Findings indicate that consumers shop at discounters for low prices and large variety and specialty stores for the unique items they cannot find elsewhere. They shop at the new discounters more and the existing stores less. Specialty stores need to differentiate themselves from discounters by increasing product assortments in the key categories carried, upgrading quality with branded merchandise not available to discounters, and maintaining good in‐stock positions.
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a molecularly and histologically heterogeneous disease; however, standard treatment is the same for all subtypes. Highgrade serous OC initially responds to chemotherapy; however, low-grade serous and clear cell OC are relatively chemo-resistant. Limited treatment options are available upon recurrence. p53 mutations are found in over 90% of high-grade serous OC. Low-grade serous OC harbor wild type p53, but contain other mutations. During later stages of OC, tumors are a heterogeneous population of mutant cells; thus development of a novel drug that addresses these molecular differences is highly desirable. Previously, we showed that Kevetrin stabilized wild type p53 and induced transcriptional targets in human lung carcinoma. We sought to validate Kevetrin as a potential treatment for OC with varied p53 status. Endometrioid carcinoma (A2780, wt p53), high-grade serous (OVCAR-3, mutant p53; OV-90, mutant p53) and atypical non-serous clear cell (SKOV-3, partially deleted p53) OC cell lines and tumors were treated with Kevetrin for our studies.
Machinery-induced habitability noise is difficult to model efficiently and accurately. The potential of energy finite-element analysis (EFEA) is compared to other prediction tools such as statistical energy analysis (SEA). This paper will explore the benefits and costs of EFEA with respect to SEA for acoustic modeling. The focus will be on issues relating to structural modeling for EFEA purposes. EFEA techniques will be evaluated to see if they possess the capabilities of verified SEA approaches for predicting habitability and radiated noise, where it is necessary to account for the impact of diverse marine constructions and sources such as the lack of machinery source information with respect to force or moment inputs or the finite impedance of machinery foundations. The effort proposed herein will provide the necessary engineering to research and identify salient features of EFEA that are potentially applicable for the detailed analysis of the acoustic environment and response of surface ships to various excitation sources. The paper will also address the pros and cons of SEA versus energy-finite element analysis (EFEA) methods used to predict the habitability noise of surface ship platforms. [This work is supported by an Office of Navy Research contract.]
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