This study aims to identify local Toraja rice cultivars based on similarities and differences in morphological characters so that they can play a role in breeding and the conservation of local rice biodiversity. Activities carried out through exploration for seeds of local rice varieties with the main location of Sesean District, Rinding Allo District, Tikala District, Buntu Pepasan District, Kapala Pitu District, and Suloara District. Data collected in the form of the name of the local variety, origin, main character and potential yield and seeds. The results showed that local rice that was still planted in North Toraja consisted of 21 cultivars, namely Pare Sisaling, Pare Kanuku, Seko Bulan, Pare Barri, Pare Lea, Pare Barri Ba’tan, Pare Mandoti, Pare Bugi’, Pare Kombong, Pare Baruku, Pare Lambau, Pare Lallodo, Pare Ambo’, Pare Kaluku, Pare Datte’, Pare Ikko’ Lia, Pare Lottong, Pare Kasalle, Pare Bulaan, Pare Bau’, Pare Dambu. Morphological characters that differentiate each local rice cultivar, namely : (1) Stems, consist of the number of total and productive tillers, height, diameter, type of surface, surface color, number of nodes and length of internodus; (2) Leaves, consisting of the length and color of the leaf tongue; leaf length; and size, top surface, and leaf color; (3) Flower, consisting of panicle length, number of grains in 1 panicle, shape, size, surface type, surface color, surface tip, tail at the tip of the surface (existence, length, and color), length of stalk, and color of stalk; (4) Fruit grain, consisting of shape, size, type of surface, surface color, state of the tip of the surface, tail at the tip of the surface (existence, length, and color), length of stalk, stalk color, as well as grain loss; and (5) Seeds, consisting of shape, size, color, and the presence of glutinous substances on the surface.
The use of candlenut (Aleurites Mollucana., L. Wild) as a non-timber forest product is expected to be a excellent product in the KPHL of Selayar in line with the designation of the area as a Protected Forest Management Unit (KPHL). Candlenut is a non-timber forest product (NTFP) which has great economic potential, but in the management of the candlenut business in the KPHL Selayar has not been able to be optimally developed as the scale of the use of candlenut remain low and the business model conducted appears to be traditional. The study aimed to analyze and identify internal and external factors in formulating the right strategic priorities in the development of the candlenut business at KPHL Selayar. The method employed was a combination of SWOT and AHP by describing internal and external factors, then tabulating it so that it would formulate a priority of strategic choices. The results showed that among the four SWOT groups namely Strengths (S), Weaknesses (W), Opportunities (O) and Threats (T) which became the priority of the SWOT group which had a great influence on the development of the candlenut business, the Strength (S) group with a value of 10.55. Based on the formulated results of the candlenut business development strategy, it was concluded that the priority strategy to be implemented was the S-O 3 strategy, namely increasing the candlenut business collaboration to expand the marketing network with a priority value of 0.107.
The study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of pine stands in controlling surface runoff on land with a slope >40%, comparing surface runoff on slope >40% by slopes <40%. This research was conducted from November 2016 - March 2017. It was carried out under the Pine stands on UNHAS Education Forest in Maros Regency. Surface runoff measurements were carried out by installing plots measuring 22 x 4 m on slopes <40% and >40% respectively for 3 replications. The bottom of the plot is installed with 3 pieces of 50 liter capacity storage. Observation of surface runoff is taken every time of rain, as many as 39 times rain. The average surface runoff volume (m3/plot) is obtained by summing the volume collected in 3 reservoirs. The results showed that the average surface runoff on slopes <40%, ie, 0.012 m3/plot and 0.014 m3/plot on slope >40%. The results of the difference test were 2 on average with a 95% confidence interval; there was no difference in the average runoff on slopes <40% and >40%. Regression analysis results show that canopy cover can control surface runoff.
Indonesia has a tropical climate with high rainfall. The high rain will affect the state of hydrology until the peak discharge is a flood. Other factors that influence flooding are morphometry, topography, soil type, and land cover conditions. The Kelara watershed in South Sulawesi has been flooded. Then a flood effort in the disaster mitigation disaster watershed is needed in the form of land use planning. So, this study conducted a mapping of watershed morphometry analysis, flood vulnerability areas, and hydrological modeling to obtain debit data using the Geographic Information System method. Based on flood mapping, the land use planning for mitigation will be formulated based on flood vulnerability areas, actual land use, district space patterns, and land suitability. The results showed that the morphometry of the Kelara watershed was not identified as vulnerable to flooding, namely the watershed shape, river density, and river gradient. While the mapping of flood vulnerability areas resulting from overlapping parameters of land cover, slope, elevation, and type of soil, indicates that there are flood vulnerability areas in Kelara watershed. The flood vulnerability areas to float in flat to gentle areas (0-15%) with a height of 0-50 meters above sea level and land that have a low infiltration rate. The peak of January in a maximum discharge of 1.7268 m3 / second Kelara river. Land use planning with the forest area and development of agroforestry patterns. The reduced land use planning of the maximum discharge on the Kelara River by 0.05 m3 / sec. But land use planning has not been optimal in decreasing peak discharge. So, it needs faster effort, namely other technical activities such as dam construction and river normalization.
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