We present a rare case of Hb H disease with hydrops fetalis phenotype where the fetus was compound heterozygous for α0-thalassaemia and the severe non deletional α+-thalassaemia mutation on the α2-globin gene that results in Hb Adana (genotype-FIL/αAdanaα). This patient presented following two pregnancies that had a normal outcome. The fetus in this pregnancy developed hydrops at 22 weeks and delivered as still birth at 28 weeks. This case highlights Hb Adana as uncommon but clinically significant variant of α-thalassaemia.
Background
Young people aged 16-24 years are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). STIs can have serious health consequences for affected individuals and the estimated annual cost of treatment to the National Health Service is £620 million. Accordingly, the UK government has made reducing the rates of STIs among this group a priority. A missed opportunity to intervene to increase condom use is when young people obtain self-sampling kits for STIs via the internet.
Objective
Our aim was to develop a theory-based tailored intervention to increase condom use for 16-24-years-olds accessing chlamydia self-sampling websites.
Methods
The intervention, Wrapped, was developed using Intervention Mapping and was co-designed with young people. The following steps were performed: (1) identification of important determinants of condom use and evidence of their changeability using computer and digital interventions; (2) setting the intervention goal, performance objectives, and change objectives; (3) identification of Behavior Change Principles (BCPs) and practical strategies to target these determinants; and (4) development of intervention materials able to deliver the BCPs and practical strategies.
Results
Users of existing chlamydia self-sampling websites are signposted to Wrapped after placing an order for a sampling kit. Salient barriers to condom use are identified by each user and relevant intervention components are allocated to target these. The components include the following: (1) a sample box of condoms, (2) an online condom distribution service, (3) a product for carrying condoms, (4) a condom demonstration video, (5) a series of videos on communication about condom use, and (6) erotic films of real couples discussing and demonstrating condom use.
Conclusions
This intervention will be directed at young people who may be particularly receptive to messages and support for behavior change due to their testing status.
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