Introduction: Reliable muscle strength measurement of individual muscle groups is time-consuming and so it would be convenient to have a single, quick and simple tool as an indicator of the general muscle strength. Handgrip strength might be an adequate measurement for generalised muscle strength. It has a low cost and may be used in a time-efficient manner in clinical setting. Aim: To determine if a handgrip dynamometer test is a valid predictor of both muscular strength and endurance and to provide a gender specific reference charts for handgrip and establish correlation between BMI and handgrip. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, conducted from October 2017 to March 2018. Participants included 30 college students, 10 males and 20 females of 18 to 25 year age group. BMI of all subjects were measured. Handgrip strength was measured by adjustable handgrip dynamometer. Horizontal Jump Test (HJT) and Vertical Jump Test (VJT) were used to measure lower limb muscle strength. To evaluate the strength of the trunk, one minute curl-ups test was used. Aerobic power was measured by VO2max Cooper’s test. Results: Significant correlation found between handgrip strength and HJT (r=0.8226, r2=0.6767, p<0.05), handgrip strength and VJT (r=0.6917, r2=0.4764, p<0.05), handgrip strength and VO2 max (r=0.7204, r2=0.519, p<0.05), handgrip strength and BMI (r=-0.1341, r2=0.018, p<0.05), handgrip strength and one minute curls-up test (r=0.4368, r2=0.1908, p<0.05). Although there was weak correlation of handgrip strength with BMI and one minute curls-up test. Conclusion: Handgrip strength can be an effective tool for predicting muscular strength and endurance.
Objectives: To evaluate the levels of physical activity among the physiotherapy students of S.S. Agrawal Institute of Physiotherapy and Medical Care Education. Methods: The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2002. By using it cross-sectional analysis of 130 physiotherapy students aging 18-22 years was conducted in order to assess levels of Physical Activity (PA). Informed consent was taken priorly, data was collected & analysis was done. Results: Out of 130 students 10% subjects were having vigorous PA. 58% subjects were having moderate PA. 68% subjects were having low PA. Out of 130 subjects 47% were normal, 30% underweight, 16% overweight & 6% were obese. Conclusion: This result shows that 68% subjects were found to have low PA. 16% were overweight and 6% were obese. There is need to encourage them because they are the ones who are going to provide major advice for physical activities to the patients, so they must be physically active first and it is necessary to further prevent other non-communicable diseases.
Introduction: Daytime sleepiness is a common symptom of many sleep disorders. Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) measures average sleep propensity of an individual for wide range of daily living activities. As it is a self-administered questionnaire, the Gujarati translation of ESS can be helpful for the evaluation of daytime sleepiness in clinical population. Aim: To find reliability and validity of Gujarati version of ESS. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during August, 2020 to February, 2021. ESS is available in Gujarati language. Permission was taken to use and to find reliability and validity of Gujarati ESS from the Mapi Research Trust. This study was carried out in two phases: 1) Face and content validation by expert clinical review; 2) Test-retest reliability. The consensus method was used to find face and content validity of Gujarati ESS. The group of experts having mean experience of 10.5 years in different fields examined each item of Gujarati ESS. Each item of Gujarati ESS was scored either as rejected, accepted or accepted with modification. Procedure was continued till 80% of consensus for all items was achieved. Total 80 participants aged between 18-60 years were included in this study. To find reliability of Gujarati ESS, internal consistency and test-retest reliability was determined. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 was used to analyse the data. Test-retest reliability was determined by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and internal consistency was calculated by chronbach’s alpha. Results: Total of 80 participants (mean age 42.68±13.37 years; 34 males and 46 females) were studied. Normal BMI was observed for 20 participants, overweight were 26 and obese were 34. Gujarati version of ESS showed excellent test-retest reliability as evidenced by high ICC (ICC=0.94) and high Internal consistency (α=0.97). Mean score of Gujarati ESS at baseline 13±6.72 and after one week 12.98±5.65. Values for Content Validation Ratio (CVR), Item level Content Validation Index (I-CVI), Modified Kappa (K), and Proportion of agreement were 1. The content of translated items was understandable and were related to quality of sleep and its evaluation. Conclusion: Gujarati version of the ESS has excellent reliability and good face and content validity. It is adequate and useful for evaluation of day time sleepiness in Gujarati speaking population.
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