Results with the combined procedure were similar to those achieved with either femoral-distal bypass graft or popliteal-distal bypass graft without SFA IBA. These data suggest that IBA of the inflow SFA may be combined with popliteal to distal bypass graft and that this technique is a reasonable alternative to longer, femoral-origin bypass graft in selected diabetic patients with gangrene.

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A combination of indirect and direct noninvasive studies can be used reliably to rule out clinically significant inflow occlusive disease and allows selective use of aortoiliac arteriography in patients with lower extremity ischemia.

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