Aim: Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Parkinson activity of Portulaca oleracea seed methanolic extract. Place: C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy and Research, Wadhwan, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India. Methodology: Collect plant materials were extracted with methanol. Extract was subjected to qualitative and quantitative investigation and antioxidant properties of extract was determine by Nitric oxide free radical scavenging activity and Reducing power by FeCl3 method. Anti-Parkinson activity evaluated by two behavioral models namely, haloperidol induced catalepsy, and orofacial dyskinesia both models various behavioral activity/ parameter (catalepsy, vacuous chewing movement and tongue protrusion) were evaluated. Results: Preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening was to reveal presence of polyphenols, flavanoids, glycoside, alkaloids, carbohydrates and reducing sugar etc. Based preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening; quantitative estimation of methanolic extract showed significant amount of polyphenols. In-vitro antioxidants was performed by two method reducing power by FeCl3 and nitric oxide free radical scavenging, the methanolic extract shows significant antioxidant properties, based on polyphenols and antioxidant properties extracts was used for the Anti-Parkinson activity Haloperidol induced catalepsy in mice Treatment with Portulaca oleracea seed showed a significant (P<0.01) reduction in the duration of cataleptic behavior dose dependently when compared to haloperidol treated group. Haloperidol induced orofacial dyskinesia in rat recovery of orofacial dyskinesia as evidenced by decrease in the frequency of vacuous chewing movement and tongue significant (P<0.05) decrease in the frequency of vacuous chewing & tongue protrusion while Portulaca oleracea seed (200 mg/kg) was found to be insignificant in this respect. Conclusion: After Portulaca oleracea seed (MLPO) treatment, the significant alterations produced in Parkinson’s affected rodents in respect to lipid peroxidation and antioxidant concentration significantly contributing its antioxidant potential. This antiperoxide action observed in Portulaca oleracea seed (MLPO) treated animals might be due to the suppression of the production of reactive oxygen species. This compound may be found to scavenge free radicals, including hydroxyl anions and reduce the level of lipid peroxidation in MLPO animals. Inhibition of oxidative stress may be one of the possible mechanisms for the anti-Parkinson effects of Portulaca oleracea seed (MLPO).

Aims: Antioxidant and anti-arthritic potential of Casuarina equisetifolia fruit methanolic extract. Methodology: Extract was subjected to qualitative and quantitative investigation then antioxidant properties of extract was determine by two method namely Nitric Oxide free radical scavenging activity and Reducing power by FeCl 3 method. Based on Phytochemical and antioxidant result antiarthritic activity was performed on wistar rats using Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) and evaluated different parameter like paw volume, arthritic index, biochemical parameter and hematological parameter. Results: In this study found that the methanolic extract of Casuarina equisetifolia fruit (MLCEF) contain significant percentage of secondary metabolite like poly phenol that properties was proved antioxidant activity. Antioxidant properties was determined by two methods the MLCEF IC50 Value 30.27±2.43 and 158.45±7.15 was found IC50 value reveled that MLCEF is a potent free radical Vaidya et al.; EJMP, 31(1): 42-53, 2020; Article no.EJMP.54842 43 scavenge capacity. Casuarina equisetifolia fruit (MLCEF) of 400 mg/kg, p.o. showed significant increasement in body wt from day 12 th to 21 st and significantly reduction in rat paw edema was observed from day 6 th to 21 st and it could be significantly normalize the haematological (like Hb, WBC and ESR) and biochemical abnormalities (like urea, ALT, AST and ALP) adjuvant induced arthritic rats in both developing and developed phases of CFA induced arthritis. Original Research Article Conclusion:The study outcome reveled that MLCEF is contain significant amount of polyphenol and that properties exhibit good antioxidant properties and significant antiarthritic properties. The actual mechanism of action of extracts on adjuvant induced arthritis is not clear with these studies. The action of extracts on proinflammatory mediators like TNF-α, Interleukins and other relevant mediators will be carried out in future to study its mechanism.

Aims: Antioxidant and Antimutagenic (Anticlastogenic) activity of alcoholic extract of Bauhinia variegata (Linn.) root. Place: C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy and Research, Wadhwan, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India. Methodology: Shade dried Bauhinia variegata (Linn.) root, extraction was carryout by isolation extract were subjected to primary and secondary Phytochemical investigation. Then In-vitro antioxidant properties were estimated by reducing power and nitric oxide free radical scavenging method. Based on Phytochemical constituent and antioxidant properties In-vivo Antimutagenic (Anticlastogenic) activity was performed. Results: Preliminary phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of carbohydrates, free amino acids, and secondary metabolites like tannins, phenolic compounds and flavonoids, then polyphenol estimation found ALBV contains 86.38% phenolic compounds. In antioxidant properties determination IC50 respectively found 55.27±2.57 µg/ml, 125.52±8.15 µg/ml against of Ascorbic acid and Curcumin. Then In-vivo Antimutagenic (Anticlastogenic) activity ALBV shows significant reeducation in % MNPCE, % MNNCE and P/N ratio at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h against the cyclophosphamide-induced mutagenicity. Conclusion: Therefore, from the present study, it is concluded that alcoholic extract of Bauhinia variegata root (ALBV) can prove to be a very good antioxidant and effective chemopreventive against cyclophosphamide-induced mutagenesis.

Many diseases are associated with oxidative stress are caused by free radicals. Current research has been directed towards finding naturally occurring antioxidants of plant origin. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Lawsonia inermis L. bark (MELIB). The present study was carried out for determination of qualitative, quantitative phytochemical and in vitro antioxidant activity for scavenging of free radical DPPH, superoxide radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation. The bark extract is a rich source of secondary metabolites like flavonoids at a rutin equivalent 73.43±0.26%, polyphenol at a gallic acid equivalent 84.70±0.43%, tannins at a tannic acid equivalent 88.75±0.14% and terpenoids at a linalool equivalent 68.13±0.31. MELIB showed free radicals scavenging capacity by way of the DPPH method (6.93±0.51 to 62.63±0.10% inhibition), the superoxide radical scavenging method (1.82±0.41 to 57.11±0.18% inhibition) and the ferric chloride induced lipid peroxidation method (9.87±0.33 to 80.32±0.82% inhibition). The results obtained in the present study indicate that MELIB can be a potential source of natural antioxidants due to the presence of flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins and terpenoids.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the in-vitro antioxidant and in-vivo Antimutagenic properties of Solanum xanthocarpum seed extracts the preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening was to reveal presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, glycoside, alkaloids, carbo-hydrates, and reducing sugar etc. Based preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening, Quantitative estimation of polyphenols was performed, quantitative estimation alcoholic extract found significant amounts of polyphenols as compare to aqueous extract. In-vitro antioxidants was performed by two method DDPH and superoxide radical scavenging method, the alcoholic extract shows significant antioxidant properties as compare to aqueous extract, based on polyphenols and antioxidant properties alcoholic extracts was used for the antimutagenic (clastogenic) test. Alcoholic extract produced significant result in antimutagenic activity.