Objectives: To perform an assessment of the clinical and surgical characteristics of gynecomastia as a tactic used and the results obtained in the breast. Methods: A prospective and observational study was carried out in the mastology service of Hospital Barão de Lucena in 40 patients. To determine which factors are associated with the cosmetic outcome, the contingency table was constructed and the χ2 test for independence was applied. In cases in which the assumptions of the χ2 test were violated, Fisher’s exact test was applied. Results: Findings showed that most patients were from the metropolitan region of Recife (72.5%), studied until high school (62.5%), were aged 10 to 20 (42.5%), were in gynecomastia grade III (47.5%), underwent double incision (52.5%), had no complications (75.0%), and had a good and excellent cosmetic outcome (75.0%). The proportion comparison test was significant in all factors evaluated (p<0.05), except for the variable level of education (p=0.114), indicating that the numbers of patients who studied until high school and had higher education are close. The independence test was significant only in the variable complications (p<0.001), indicating that having complications significantly increases the risk for regular/bad cosmetics. Conclusion: Gynecomastia is a pathology of strong social impact. We observed this after analyzing the epidemiological, clinical, and surgical characteristics of our patients. In patients who underwent surgical treatment and who had no complications, there was a greater degree of satisfaction.
Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare the postoperative staging and clinical development outcomes in a period of three years with the histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics considered prognostic and/or predictive factors in patients being treated for triple negative type of breast cancer in the Barão Lucena Hospital, Recife, Pernambuco. Method: The study was conducted with 125 female patients suffering from triple negative breast cancer who underwent surgical treatment in the mastology service of Barão Lucena Hospital from 2009 to 2012. The clinical and pathological features of the tumors were studied and correlated with basal and non-basal subtypes. A descriptive data analysis was carried out using tables and/or graphs for qualitative variables. Association analysis was performed using χ 2 test for independence. In tables that showed expected frequency lower than 5, in more than 20% of cells, we used the Fisher's exact test. In addition, the odds ratio (OR) and the confidence interval (CI) for OR were calculated. In the entire analysis, a 5% significance level was considered. Results: Mean age was 49 years; regarding race, black was present in 83 (66.4%). The most common histological type was ductal, in 111 (88.8%). The pathological stage I/II was the most common, in 87 (69.6%) patients. A total of 71 patients (56.8%) showed no axillary metastasis. Regarding the type of surgery, the conservative one was performed in 57 (45.6%), including sectorectomy and oncoplastic surgery. The recurrence was present in 30 patients, basal in 16 (53.3%) patients and 14 (46.7%) in the non-basal, and bone metastasis was the most frequent. Conclusion: In this triple-negative tumor sample, the most important facts related to survival were: being aged less than 40 years, histological type, cytokeratin CK5/6 and higher significance level of the factors EGFR and KI-67.
Introduction: Breast reconstruction is a right guaranteed by the public health system for women who undergo mastectomy. However, there are factors that delay the performance of this procedure in the Unified Health System in Brazil. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of immediate or late breast reconstruction in women with breast cancer in a reference hospital in the state of Pernambuco. Methods: This is an observational, retrospective, analytical study, with a descriptive approach of 400 cases of breast reconstruction from 2010 to 2020. The data were collected through a surgical care survey with breast cancer patients who underwent breast reconstruction. Then, they were analyzed using the SPSS software, version 18, with the percentage rates of the categories assessed by the χ2 test, considering a 5% significance level. The comparison of the analysis was significant (p <0.005), showing that the described profile is the most frequent one in the group of assessed patients. Results: Most patients were aged between 46 and 59 years (45.3%), brown (61.1%), married (79.1%), who studied until high school (60.7%), homemakers (45%), nonsmokers (84.9%), and who do not drink alcohol (94.9%). According to the TNM system, 84% of the patients were in the early stages (0, I, and IIa), underwent immediate reconstruction after mastectomy or resection (70.3%); reconstructive surgeries had local flaps, both in the lower, upper, or medial-lateral pedicle; and implants were performed in 70% of the patients. According to the molecular subtype, Luminal A represented 60% of the patients, followed by Luminal B with 16%, triple negative with 15%, and HER-2 with 9%. Conclusion: The findings support that patients with higher schooling are prone to undergoing immediate breast reconstruction. Thus, the number of immediate breast reconstruction procedures in patients with breast cancer has increased significantly.
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