ЗООТЕХНИЯ Продуктивность молодняка мясо-шерстных овец разных генотипов РЕЗЮМЕАктуальность и методика. В статье приведены результаты изучения мясной продуктивности баранчиков в возрасте 4,5 мес. и шерстной продуктивности ярок-годовиков, полученных от подбора маток акжаикских мясо-шерстных овец с производителями акжаикской, северокавказской и куйбышевской пород.Результаты. Изучение мясной и шерстной продуктивности молодняка, полученного от разных вариантов подбора родительских пар, показало влияние баранов-производителей на улучшение мясных качеств и повышение настригов шерсти. Туши всех баранчиков были хорошо сформированы и характеризовали овец мясо-шерстного направления продуктивности с лучшими показателями убоя от производителей куйбышевской породы.Более высокими показателями шерстной продуктивности отличается потомство северокавказских баранов. В целом, шерсть ярок-годовиков была типичной для кроссбредной, по тонине и в целом по штапелю уравнена хорошо. По физико-техническим свойствам отвечает требованиям текстильной промышленности для нормальной однородной полутонкой шерсти. Productivity of young meat and wool sheep of different genotypes ABSTRACTRelevance and methods. The article presents the results of a study of the meat productivity of rams aged 4.5 months. and wool productivity of bright-year-olds obtained from the selection of queens of akzhaik meat-wool sheep with producers of akzhaik, north caucasian and kuibyshev breeds. Results.A study of the meat and wool productivity of young animals obtained from different options for the selection of parental pairs showed the influence of sheep-producers on improving meat qualities and increasing wool cuts. The carcasses of all the rams were well formed and characterized the sheep of the meatwool direction of productivity with the best slaughter rates from the producers of the kuibyshev breed. The best indicators of wool productivity were offspring of north caucasian sheep. In general, bright-year-old wool was typical of crossbred, with fine fineness and overall staple equalization. According to its physical and technical properties, it meets the requirements of the textile industry for normal homogeneous semi-fine wool.
This study assessed the anthelminthic feed additive albendazole effect on the main indicators of the quality of sheep meat obtained from infected and deworming animals. A total of 20 heads of Akzhaik meat and wool sheep (i.e. 2 years of age, of different sex) were used in a 20-day experiment and 2 groups of 10 heads were formed (n = 4). The sheep were fed with the basic diet (i.e. control, group CON), without adding anything, and the second group was fed the basic diet orally with the addition of a dose of 1.2 g / head (an experimental group). At the end of the experiment, a control slaughter was carried out from each group in order to study the biochemical composition of meat and its quality. The anthelmintic feed additive albendazole did not have a significant effect on the indicators (organoleptic and physicochemical) of meat quality (P> 0.04). However, the ratio of fat and ash in the meat of the control group has differences in indicators and is reduced by 24.81% and 0.03%, respectively. The drug had a significant effect on the biological value of meat in the experimental group, where there is a higher content of essential amino acids (P = 0.06), nonessential (P = 0.05) concentrations in comparison with the CON groups. The results obtained show that the meat of the experimental groups of sheep, when using the anthelminthic feed additive albendazole, did not have a significant effect on organoleptic parameters, but significantly positively influenced the metabolism, live weight gain and biological value of meat.
The effectiveness and competitiveness of sheep breeding directly depends on increasing the productivity of animals and improving the quality of products obtained from them, and this has been achieving by targeted breeding using the genetic potential of sheep breeds. The solution to this problem can be implemented through the rational use of breed resources of domestic and imported sheep breeding. Sheep breeding in Kazakhstan is the oldest branch of animal husbandry, which plays a major role in providing the national economy with specifi c types of raw materials and food. Sheep produce the largest amount of various products: wool for diff erent purposes, mutton, fat raw materials, sheep’s milk, sheep skin-fur-leather raw materials, lamb pelts. The whole of Kazakhstan and the West Kazakhstan region are characterized by a wide variety of natural, climatic and economic factors that have a specifi c infl uence on the development of sheep breeding in certain regions. In the West Kazakhstan region breeding work is carried out in a herd of Akzhaik wool-and-meat producing sheep to improve individual productive indicators by using the genetic potential of the gene pool of diff erent semifi ne-wool breeds, so breeding and improvement in order to increase the productivity of Akzhaik meat-wool sheep with double productivity is relevant and has great economic signifi cance. The inheritance and correlation of productive traits in Akzhaik wool-and-meat producing sheep obtained from diff erent mating options have been studied in the paper. It has been established that the inheritance of the main economically useful traits is additive in nature in an intermediate type with minor deviations towards one of the parent forms. The coeffi cients of heritability of live weight, clip, length and fi ber fi neness of wool are within the average values. The highest correlation coeffi cients (0,65–0,70) have been found in all groups between the length and fi ber fi neness of wool.
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