Syphacia (Syphacia) sulawesiensis n. sp. and S. (S.) muris (Yamaguti 1935) were recorded from Rattus xanthurus (Gray 1867) in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Syphacia sulawesiensis is readily distinguished from other members of the subgenus Syphacia and from those for which a subgeneric position has yet to be settled in that it has large vesicular lateral alae, an excretory pore positioned well to the rear, a short tail and apices of caudal papillae posterior to the rnidtail level in the male, and closely-set excretory pore and vulva in the female. This is the second species of the genus Syphacia Seurat 1916 found to be parasitic in Rattus Fischer 1803. The females of S. muris from R. xanthurus have a much larger body than those reported previously from other murid species.
The objective of this research was to know the diversity of natural enemies (parasitoid and predator) on wet rice-field, so that could be bread to control pest insects with a tactic that is easy, cheap, efficiently and environment safe. Catching a natural enemies species was conducted in district of Tumpaan and Tenga (which was the centre of rice production in South Minahasa Regency) by sweeping (using insects trap) and direct observation in the field. The specimen insect was brought to the laboratory for identified. Diversity was measured using Shannon-wavers, and then continued to decide the species abundance average level. The natural enemies species which were found consist of five ordos of predator (Araneida, Hemiptera, Odonata, Coleoptera, and Orthoptera); 10 families; and 16 species; two ordos, 10 families and 13 species of parasitoid. The result of variance analysis showed that the abundance average level (J) of 29 species (predators and parasitoid) which were found almost the same and this value refer to value that almost the same on the diversity in species group (H) during observation either the old crop stadia or the location of rice plant. ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman jenis musuh-musuh alami (parasitoid dan predator) pada serangga hama padi sawah agar dapat diketahui jenis musuh-musuh alami yang potensial dan dapat dikembangkan untuk mengendalikan serangga hama yang mudah, murah, efisien dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian jenis-jenis musuh alami dilakukan secara penyapuan dengan net serangga dan observasi langsung di lapangan. Sampel serangga yang tertangkap dibawa ke laboratorium untuk diidentifikasi, dan dihitung. Untuk mengukur keanekaragaman jenis-jenis musuh alami (parasitoid dan predator) digunakan formula indeks keragaman Shannon-Wraver dan kemudian dilanjutkan dengan menentukan nilai tingkat kerataan kelimpahan spesies. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis musuh-musuh alami yang ditemukan terdiri dari predator 5 ordo (10 famili) yaitu ordo Araneida, Hemiptera, Odonata, Coleoptera, dan Orthoptera; dengan jumlah 16 spesies. Parasitoid 2 ordo (10 famili) dengan jumlah 13 spesies. Hasil analisis keragaman memperlihatkan bahwa tingkat kerataan kelimpahan dari 29 spesies musuh alami (predator dan parasitoid) yang ditemukan adalah hampir sama nilai kerataannya kelimpahannya (J) dan hal yang sama menunjukkan nilai yang tidak cukup berbeda pada keanekaragaman dalam kumpulan spesies (H) selama pengamatan baik pada stadia umur tanaman padi yang berbeda maupun lokasi pertanaman padi. Kata kunci: Keragaman, musuh alami, serangga hamaEugenia
Penyebaran Populasi Nyamuk Aedes aegypti sebagai Vektor Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Tidore Kepulauan (Distribution of Aedes aegypti Mosquito Population as A Vector of Dengue Fever Disease in Tidore Kepulauan City) Fahrisal 1*), Betsy Pinaria1), Dantje Tarore1)1)Program Studi Entomologi, Pasca Sarjana Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: atreyafahrisal@gmail.com Diterima 10 Februari 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasikan 28 Februari 2019 Abstrak Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan penting di indonesia saat ini baik di daerah tropis dan suptropis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penyebaran populasi nyamuk Ae. aegypti sebagai vektor penularan penyakit DBD di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Soasio Kota Tidore Kepulauan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei cara pengambilan sampel yakni dengan pengambilan purposive sampling. Penangkapan nyamuk dilakukan pada setiap kelurahan yaitu 13 kelurahan yang tersebar di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Soasio yaitu tempat-tempat seperti pelayanan kesehatan, pelayanan pendidikan, daerah pemukiman penduduk, dan lahan-lahan kosong di sekitar daerah pemukiman. Hasil penelitian populasi nyamuk Ae. aegypti yang di temukan di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Soasio mencangkup 13 Kelurahan bervariasi antara 6-23 individu. Populasi Ae. aegypti tertingi di Kelurahan Tuguwaji yaitu 23 individu dan terendah di Kelurahan Tambula yaitu 6 individu. Populasi nyamuk Ae. aegypti terbanyak pada waktu pagi yaitu jam 08:00-10:00 sebanyak 52 individu dan sore hari jam 14:00-16:00 sebanyak 50 individu. Jumlah penderita DBD antara bulan November 2018 sampai bulan Januari 2019 sebanyak 5 orang, yang terdiri dari 3 orang di kelurahan Tuguwaji, satu orang di kelurahan Indonesiana dan 1 orang di kelurahan Tomagoba. Kata Kunci: Ae. aegypti, Demam berdarah dengue (DBD), penyebaran, populasi Abstract Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is one of the important health problems in Indonesia today both in the tropics and suptropis. Purpose of the study assess population and the spread of mosquitoes. Ae aegypti as a vector of transmission of DHF in the working area of Soasio City Health Center, Tidore Islands. This research was conducted using the survey method of sampling method by taking purposive sampling. The catch of mosquitoes was carried out in each kelurahan, namely 13 urban villages scattered in the work area of the Soasio Health Center, namely places such as health services, education services, residential areas, and vacant land around residential areas. Results of research on mosquito population Ae. aegypti found in the Puskesmas work area of the ratio includes 13 sub-districts varying between 6-23 individuals. population the highest Ae. aegypti in Tuguwaji Village is 23 individuals and the lowest in Tambula Village is 6 individuals. Population of mosquitoes most Ae. aegypti in the morning, which is at 08:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. by 52 individuals and in the afternoon at 14:00 to 16:00 as many as 50 individuals. The number of dengue sufferers between November 2018 and January 2019 is 5 people, consisting of 3 people in Tuguwaji village, 1 person in the Indonesiana village and 1 person in Tomagoba village.Keywords: Ae. aegypti, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), spread, population
Brown planthoppers have been reported to be resistant to various types of insecticides. One of the environmentally friendly controls is the use of entomopathogenic fungi. This study aims to test the effectiveness of the entomopathogenic fungus M. huainamdangense local isolates against brown planthoppers. Pathogenicity testing of local isolates of M. huainamdangense used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments, namely K1 (Density 106), K2 (Density 107), K3 (Density 108), K4 (Density 109) and K0 as control. Each treatment was repeated 5 (five) times. The results showed that the fastest treatment to kill insects up to 100% was in the K4 treatment (density 109). The results of the probit analysis showed the LT50 value in the conidium density treatment 109 (K4) at 1.6 days. Meanwhile, the LC50 value showed a concentration of 108.9 conidium/ml on the second day. The use of a lower concentration of conidia density was able to kill 50% of insects in a longer time. Keywords: Metarhizium huainamdangense; entomopathogen; Nilaparvata lugens ABSTRAKWereng coklat telah dilaporkan resisten terhadap berbagai jenis insektisida. Salah satu pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan, yaitu dengan penggunaan jamur entomopatogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji keefektifan jamur entomopatogen M. huainamdangense isolat lokal terhadap wereng coklat. Pengujian patogenisitas isolat lokal M. huainamdangense menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan yaitu perlakuan K1 (Kerapatan 106), K2 (Kerapatan 107), K3 (Kerapatan 108), K4 (Kerapatan 109) dan K0 sebagai kontrol. Setiap perlakuan diulang 5 (lima) kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan yang paling cepat mematikan serangga hingga 100% yaitu pada perlakuan K4 (Kerapatan 109). Hasil analisis probit menunjukkan nilai LT50 pada perlakuan kerapatan konidium 109 (K4) yaitu pada 1,6 hari, sedangkan nilai LC50 menunjukkan konsentrasi 108,9 konidium/ml pada hari kedua. Penggunaan konsentrasi kerapatan konidia yang lebih rendah mampu mematikan 50% serangga dalam waktu yang lebih lama. Kata kunci: Metarhizium huainamdangense; entomopatogen; Nilaparvata lugens
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