Eye and ear reactions due to posturalchanges, optokinetic, rotatory and postrotatory stimulation have been investigated in 15 rabbits. The animals were restrained but unanaesthetised. Optokinetic, rotatory and post-rotatory stimulation resulted in an eye and ear nystagmus.Both functions were found to be strictly coupled and not separable by narcotics. Recording from single motor units allowed differentiation between tonically and phasically innervated units of the ear muscles. Direction-specific units were found in posture changing experiments.
Fig. 1: A collage of multiple stages of the transformation of the heart tube during embryological cardiogenesis as seen in the VRLE. The center heart shows the transformation in progress: the tracked hands of the user follow the arrows indicating growth directions.
The rapid development of available hard- and software for computer-assisted or augmented reality (AR) guided interventions creates a need for fast and inexpensive prototyping environments. However, intraoperative tracking systems in particular represent a high cost threshold. Therefore, this work presents a low-cost tracking method based on a conventional RGB camera. Here, a combined approach of multiple image targets and 3D object target recognition is implemented. The system is evaluated with a systematic accuracy assessment analyzing a total of 385 3D positions. On average, a deviation of 15,69+-9,95 mm was measured. In addition, a prototypical AR-based needle navigation visualization was developed using Microsoft HoloLens 2. This system’s feasibility and usability was evaluated positively in a pilot study (n=3).
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