A VR/AR Environment for Multi-User Liver Anatomy Education

CardioGenesis4D: Interactive Morphological Transitions of Embryonic Heart Development in a Virtual Learning Environment

“…As VR technology becomes more commonly used in medical education, the differences in performance between users in our tests may become less noticeable over time. Multi-user learning environments [37,44] for anatomy teaching play a major role in the literature as they can promote collaborative exchanges between students and teachers and support the understanding of anatomical structures through a high degree of immersion [29]. We have opted for a protected space where a single user can focus on the learning content.…”

“…Thus, their multiuser environment can be used to provide students with morphological differences (health and disease) based on interactive adaptation of original medical images. Important developments such as collaborative multi-user VR learning scenarios based on encountering and interacting with original medical data over distances between students and instructors in a single environment are reviewed by Schott et al [37].…”

Socially Distanced: Have user evaluation methods for Immersive Technologies changed during the COVID-19 pandemic?

“…Given the constraints following COVID-19 testing protocols, Gagnon et al [21] were unable to calibrate or make adjustments to their HMD system for individual participants. In one study [52], researchers also delivered instructions from a separate room via loudspeaker, adapting the hardware set up to comply with regulations.…”

“…Where adaptations were reported they were predominantly in relation to the participants involved [63,67], the space used [52,62], equipment employed [52,61], the procedure (i.e. the distribution of testing sessions [60] and hygienic practices [18,33] over a specified period of time) and the type of study; whether it was adapted to meet health and safety guidelines in lab [41,60], or altered to be conducted remotely due to COVID-19 [20,64].…”

“…Due to limitations surrounding COVID-19, some researchers opted to use VR technologies to simulate AR experiences [26], with Schott et al [52] unable to test their AR set up with multiple users.…”