Sepsis is one of the world's health problems that commonly cause mortality. The incidence of sepsis keeps on increasing each year. Many diagnostic parameters for sepsis caused by bacterial infection have been used but sometimes are not specific and misleading. Seeing the high number of sepsis cases needed a prompt and precise diagnostic. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of procalcitonin in sepsis patients caused by bacterial infection. Method: A cross-sectional study on 54 adult patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (12 – 75 years old) in Mitra Keluarga Bekasi Timur Hospital used patients' medical records from October to December 2016. The diagnostic test was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Sample: In this study, there were 37 samples, 28 were sepsis patients, and 9 were non-sepsis samples. Finding: The test result of sensitivity and specificity of procalcitonin was 88,5% and 81,8%, cut off value ≥ 0,8, AUC 0,90 with p-value < 0,05. Conclusion: The conclusion is that procalcitonin can be a prompt, ideal, and efficient diagnostic marker for sepsis caused by bacterial infection with high sensitivity and specificity tests.
COVID-19 is an infectious disease in humans. This disease is caused by a new virus similar to SARS-CoV, called SARS-CoV-2. This virus attacks the human respiratory system and causes symptoms such as cough, fever above 38°C, shortness of breath, muscle aches, malaise, and diarrhea. Elevated levels of D-Dimer are often found in patients with severe COVID-19 symptoms. Previous studies have shown that increased levels of D-Dimer can increase the risk of death and is also a marker of poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of D-Dimer levels in patients confirmed by COVID-19 with moderate and severe symptoms at UKI General Hospital. This study is a cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytic data presentation from the Medical Record document of UKI General Hospital. Data that has been collected was processed using the Mann-Whitney test. The subjects of this study are 211 patients who were confirmed to have COVID-19 through RT-PCR examination and had checked for D-Dimer levels. The Mann-Whitney test that was carried out gave a p-value <0.05, which means a significant difference in the mean D-Dimer level between COVID-19 patients with moderate and severe symptoms. The average level of D-Dimer in moderate symptoms was 441.272 ng/mL with 154 patients. The average level of D-Dimer in severe symptoms is 1,231,630 ng/mL with 57 patients. Key words: D-Dimer, COVID-19, mild symptoms, severe symptoms.
In December 2019, a mysterious pneumonia case was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province known as COVID-19, and its etiologic agent, SARS-Cov-2 virus. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is a homopentameric protein that appears in inflammatory conditions. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) increases in both acute and chronic inflammations. This study aimed to determine the correlation between CRP and ESR concentrations with the status of PCR diagnostic test results in patients. It was a correlation study with a cross-sectional approach. The data was taken from results from the first PCR and laboratory examination of the patients for COVID-19. The population of this study was patients under monitoring (PDP) for COVID-19 who were treated at a hospital in East Bekasi, West Java. The sample for this study was 65 people, consisting of 28 (43.1%) negative COVID-19 patients and 37 (56.9%) positive COVID-19 patients. The results showed that at the start of the PCR test for COVID-19, there was a weakly significant increase in CRP (r=0.311), and there was a significant relationship between the COVID-19 PCR results and the patient's CRP levels (p=0.040) in the age group 1-40 years. In addition, there was an increase in the respiratory rate in patients with high CRP with a weak significance (r=0.366), and a significant relationship between the CRP test results and the patients’ respiratory rate (p=0.026). In addition, there was a strong relationship between CRP increase and LED increase (p=0.000).
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has caused a global pandemic. Patients with COVID-19 can experience symptoms such as fever, dry cough, headache, and shortness of breath which can lead to pneumonia. Excessive inflammation is considered a leading cause of critical illness and death in COVID-19 patients. C-Reactive Protein is a sensitive indicator as an early marker of infection and inflammation. This study presents an overview of the difference in the average CRP levels between patients with moderate and severe confirmed COVID-19 symptoms at UKI Hospital for June-September 2021. The study design was cross-sectional with descriptive and analytical data presentation obtained from medical record documents at UKI Hospital. The average CRP level of COVID-19 patients with moderate symptoms is 63,705 mg/L, totaling 139 patients. The average CRP level of COVID-19 patients with severe symptoms is 132,050 mg/L, totaling 57 patients. The results obtained from the Mann-Whitney test between groups of patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 showed a significant difference between CRP levels with moderate and severe symptoms with p <0.05. Keywords: COVID-19, CRP levels, SARS-CoV-2
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