The development of mobile apps during the last decade has had a significant increase in its share of the software market. While there are specific characteristics that separate it from traditional software development, there is a lack of guidance on issues encountered during the mobile software development process. With the aim of defining a mobile application development framework that considers the specific characteristics of developing mobile apps, we started by carrying out a systematic mapping study of the software development process for mobile applications, then we administered a survey and completed a qualitative study with industry experts. These studies allowed us to identify the main trends in the software process for mobile apps, and to uncover the main challenges for app development. We have organized the findings in a framework that integrates the specific challenges of mobile development, which we call Mobile Ilities, with software development activities that are linked through an agile process. The results of early tests carried out with computer science students are encouraging. Our proposal has served as a guide for novice developers throughout the process of creating a final product, combining the existing knowledge of developers about Scrum with the specific characteristics of mobile development, and providing mechanisms to link these characteristics with the elements of the development process.INDEX TERMS Mobile app development, software development process, mobile constraints, agile.

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Usability is an attribute of software quality that needs special attention in app development. In the present document, we analyze aspects like visual clarity and error prevention in a massive consumer app for passenger transport. With the purpose of knowing the influence of these aspects in the success or failure of an app we submit a survey to 3 developers and 40 users inquiring about these aspects. The results reflect the vitality of the usability principles by both users and developers. We hope the obtained results will help future developers, researchers and/or students.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThis report describes the first in a series of studies in support of the US Department of Energy's (DOE) Consolidated Fuel Reprocessing Program. These studies develop and evaluate designs of advanced materials measurement and accounting systems (MMASs) for various nuclear spent-fuel reprocessing alternatives. This report examines safeguards design concepts for the feed preparation and chemical separations processes of the Hot Experimental Facility (HEF), a conceptual fast breeder reactor spent-fuel reprocessing facility. We propose an MMAS and use optimization techniques to calculate instrument measurement uncertainties that meet four different accounting performance goals while minimizing the total development cost of instrument systems. We identify measurement uncertainty components that dominate the materials balance variance and instruments that require development to meet given performance goals.Conceptual design efforts for MMASs are a major portion of an integrated safeguards systems study program that is implemented by the Safeguards Systems Group (Q-4) of the Los Alamos National Laboratory, at the direction of the US DOE/Office of Safeguards and Security. These designs invoke technology that has been demonstrated or can be projected within the construction schedules of future nuclear fuel-cycie facilities. The studies define systems concepts, develop methods for evaluating safeguards systems and the data they produce, and should stimulate further development of facilities, processes, systems, and instrumentation needed for improving nuclear materials accounting, thus providing more effective safeguards.Previous Los Alamos National Laboratory studies in the safeguards conceptual design series address the materials management requirements for mixed-oxide fuel refabrication facilities (LA-6536), domestic and foreign spent-fuel reprocessing plants (LA-6881 and LA-8042), plutonium nitrate conversion (LA-7011) and coconversion facilities (LA-7521 and LA-7746-MS), spent-fuel storage ponds (LA-7730-MS), thorium-uranium fuel-cycle facilities (LA-7372 and LA-7411-MS), large fast-critical reactors (LA-7315), and nuclear waste repositories (LA-8049-MS). In general, these studies calculate the accounting systems performance by proposing a measurement system based on current technology or its reasonable extrapolations. The measurement uncertainties for each proposed instrument are then combined and propagated to obtain an overall materials loss-detection sensitivity.This study reverses the approach. We select specific accounting performance goals for the HEF and use optimization techniques to calculate measurement uncertainties required to meet these goals while minimizing the total development cost of the instrument system.The design for Oak Ridge National Laboratory's HEF incorporates a modified Purex process that allows coprocessing uranium and plutonium. The flow sheet is based on reprocessing 0.5 tonne/day of breeder reactor fuel having (1) a maximum burnup of 150 000 megawatt-days per tonne, (2)...

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