The aim of the study was to determine genetic correlations of agronomic traits and to evaluate direct and indirect effects, through path analysis, between variables analyzed with grain yield. Forty accessions of common bean, cultivated at Caceres County were evaluated, by using randomized complete blocks design with three repetitions. Coefficient magnitudes of genotypic correlations were superior to phenotypic and environmental ones for most correlations, suggesting greater influence of genetic factor than environmental factors. In order to determine the importance of direct and indirect effects, path analysis was performed, which provided greater reliability in interpretations of cause and effect between studied traits, indicating that grain yield may be explained by the effects of analyzed traits. Number of seeds per plant (0.801) and grain weight (0.641) showed higher favorable effect over grain yield, allowing its use in direct or indirect selection for grain yield in common bean.
RESUMO O presente trabalho foi conduzido na unidade experimental da Empresa Mato-Grossense de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (Cáceres-MT
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a diversidade genética entre acessos tradicionais de mandioca da coleção da Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, através de caracteres morfoagronômicos. A coleção está localizada na Empresa Matogrossense de Pesquisa, Assistência e Extensão Rural (EMPAER) de Cáceres. Foram utilizados 21 acessos para a avaliação dos caracteres morfoagronômicos: comprimento do lóbulo foliar; largura do lóbulo foliar; comprimento do pecíolo; altura de plantas; altura da primeira ramificação; comprimento das raízes; diâmetro da raiz; peso da raiz; contagem do número de polpas sadias por planta; número de raízes; peso em água; matéria seca e teor de amido. A análise de dissimilaridade foi baseada na Distância Euclidiana e o agrupamento pelo método Hierárquico UPGMA. Os resultados obtidos com o uso de características morfoagronômicas e da Distância Euclidiana dos 21 acessos de mandioca da coleção da UNEMAT evidenciaram a existência de variabilidade genética, onde a maior similaridade ocorreu entre os acessos Rondônia e N.I. 10 - 0501, e a maior divergência entre os acessos Sinop e Liberatão 0507.O Grupo I alocou o maior número de acessos pelo UPGMA e a característica altura média da primeira ramificação foi determinante na formação do Grupo IV. Os acessos analisados apresentaram divergência genética, onde os descritores analisados foram suficientes para a diferenciação dos acessos, onde os NI 02-2816, Poupa Branca e Sinop foram os mais promissores como parentais para cruzamentos entre os demais acessos.Palavras-chave: produção de mandioca, coleção de germoplasma, variabilidade genética. ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DIVERGENCE AMONG Manihot esculenta (crantz) ACCESS VIA MORPHOAGRONOMIC TRAITS ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity among accessions of traditional cassava collection at the University of Mato Grosso - UNEMAT through morphoagronomic traits. The collection is located in Mato Grosso Company Research, Assistance and Rural Extension (EMPA) of Cáceres. We used 21 accessions for the evaluation of morphoagronomic traits: length of the leaf lobe; lobe leaf width; length petiole; plant height; height of first branching; length of roots; diameter of the root; root weight; counting the number of healthy pulps per plant; number of roots; weight in water; dry matter and starch content. The dissimilarity analysis was based on Euclidean distance and hierarchical clustering method UPGMA. The results obtained with the use of morphoagronomic traits and the Euclidean distance of 21 cassava accessions from the collection of UNEMAT showed the existence of genetic variability, where the greatest similarity was between the Rondônia and N.I. 10 - 0501, and the greatest divergence among the accessions Sinop and Liberatão 0507. The Group I allocated the highest number of accesses by UPGMA and the characteristic height of the first branch was instrumental in the formation of Group IV. The analyzed accessions presented genetic divergence, where the descriptors analyzed were sufficient for the differentiation of the accesses where NI 02-2816, Poupa Branca and Sinop were the most promising as parental for crossings between the other accessions.Keywords: cassava production, germplasm collection, genetic variability.
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