RESUMO:O presente artigo relata o isolamento e identificação do palmitato, oleato e linoleato de sitosterila, sitosterol, estigmasterol, 3-O-β-D-galactopiranosídeo do sitosterol, 3-O-β-Dgalactopiranosídeo do estigmasterol, 3-O-β-D-glicopiranosídeo do sitosterol e uma mistura de ácidos anacárdicos (monoeno e dieno) do extrato etanólico de cascas do caule de Anacardium occidentale L., Anacardiaceae, bem como do sitosterol, estigmasterol, lupeol, β-amirina, catequina e epicatequina do extrato etanólico do tegumento da castanha de caju in natura. Os extratos EtOH da casca e do tegumento foram avaliados quanto ao conteúdo de fenóis totais e atividade antioxidante. O extrato etanólico das cascas do caule apresentou maior conteúdo de compostos fenólicos e percentual de atividade antioxidante.Unitermos: Anacardium occidentale, catequinas, esteroides, fenóis totais, atividade antioxidante. ABSTRACT: "Total phenolics, antioxidant activity and chemical constituents from extracts ofAnacardium occidentale L., Anacardiaceae". This paper describes the isolation and identification of a mixture of sitosteryl ester derivatives of fatty acids (palmitic, oleic and linoleic), sitosterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol-3-O-β-galactopyranoside, stigmasterol-3-O-β-galactopyranoside, sitosterol-3-O-β-glucopyranoside and a mixture of anacardic acids (monoene and diene) from stem bark of Anacardium occidentale L., Anacardiaceae, as well as sitosterol, stigmasterol, lupeol, β-amyrin, catechin and epicatechin from in natura cashew nut testa. Ethanol extracts from stem bark and testa were analyzed for antioxidant activity and total phenol content. The ethanol extract from stem bark exhibited the maximum of antioxidant activity and phenol content.

The results confirm the popular use of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium as an analgesic, and contribute to the pharmacological knowledge of this species because it was shown that EtOH and its less polar partition fractions (HEX, AcOEt) have an antinociceptive effect in models of chemical nociception, and that lupeol appears to be one of the constituents responsible for this effect.

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and oleanolic acids. The structures of the compounds were identified by 1D-and 2D-NMR experiments, mass and UV spectrometry and comparison with literature data.Keywords: Qualea grandiflora; Vochysiaceae; acylated kaempferol glycosids. INTRODUÇÃOQualea grandiflora Mart. (Vochysiaceae) é uma planta de ocorrência em mata de galeria, cerrado e cerradão, considerada símbolo dos cerrados.1 É conhecida popularmente como pau-terra, pau-terra-do-campo, pau-terra-do-cerrado, pau-terra-da-folha-larga, ariavá, entre outros. 2 As cascas e folhas são medicinais e os frutos dão matéria tintorial amarela.2 Infusão ou decocção das folhas de Q. grandiflora são usadas no tratamento de diarréia com sangue, cólicas intestinais e contra ameba.3 As cascas são usadas, na forma de infusão, para limpeza externa de úlceras e feridas e no tratamento de doenças inflamatórias.

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RESUMO: Das partes aéreas de Herissantia tiubae (K. Schum.) Brizicky foram isolados, através de métodos cromatográfi cos, dois fl avonóides glicosilados, canferol 3,7-di-O-α-L-ramnopiranosídeo e canferol 3-β-O-D-(6''-E-p-cumaroil) glicosídeo. As estruturas foram identifi cadas com o uso de técnicas espectroscópicas de IV, RMN 1 H e 13 C incluindo métodos bidimensionais, além de comparações com dados da literatura. O canferol 3,7-di-O-α-L-ramnopiranosídeo foi submetido a testes farmacológicos preliminares com a fi nalidade de avaliar o seu efeito sobre o sistema cardiovascular.Unitermos: Herissantia tiubae, Malvaceae, fl avonóides, atividade cardiovascular. C NMR spectroscopy, including two dimensional techniques, together with comparison with literatura data. Preliminary tests were carried out with kaempferol 3,7-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside in order to study its possible cardiovascular effect.

The present work reports the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the ethanol extract obtained from the stem bark of Sterculia striata A. St.-Hil. & Naudin (Ss-EtOH) in the experimental models of edema induced by carrageenan, dextran, or histamin and nociception induced by chemical stimuli, such as acetic acid, formalin, capsaicin, or glutamate. The Ss-EtOH (50 mg/kg) promoted a marked inhibition on the hind paw edema induced by carrageenan or dextran (30% and 73%, respectively). Besides, Ss-EtOH (25 mg/kg) exhibited a slight activity (30%) on the hind paw edema induced by histamin. The Ss-EtOH (12.5 and 25 mg/kg) showed the antinociceptive activity on chemical stimuli induced by acetic acid (65.59% and 38.37%, respectively), formalin, in the initial (35.08% and 31.5%, respectively) and late phases (44.09% and 83.57%, respectively), capsaicin (43.77% and 51.31%, respectively), or glutamate (36.6% and 52.12%, respectively). Regarding the possible mechanism involved in the antinociceptive effect, Ss-EtOH (12.5 mg/kg) showed a decrease in the antinociceptive effect (65.8%) in the acetic acid model after pretreatment with naloxone. Thus, opioid mechanisms might be underlying this response.

First secondary metabolites From -β-D-glucopyranoside, 3,5,7,4'-tetrahydroxyflavone (kaempferol), 3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavone (quercetin), unpublished in the genus Herissantia, besides β-sitosterol, kaempferol 3-O-β-D-(6''-Ep-coumaroil) (tiliroside) glucopyranoside and kaempferol 3,7-di-O-α-L-ramnopyranoside (lespedin), described for the first time in the species. The structural determination of the compounds was made by means of spectroscopy methods such as Infrared Spectroscopy, 1 H and 13 C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, with the aid of two dimensional techniques, and by comparison with literature data. The toxicity activity of the MeOH extract and lespedin on Artemia salina Leach. was also carried out.