Este estudo teve como objetivos verificar a prevalência de anemia em lactentes de 6 a 12 meses atendidos na rede pública de saúde do município de Viçosa, MG e analisar alguns possíveis fatores de risco. As informações foram obtidas através de questionário aplicado aos responsáveis pela criança e através da verificação de medidas antropométricas e da dosagem de hemoglobina por hemoglobinômetro portátil. No diagnóstico de anemia, utilizou-se o ponto de corte de 11 g/dL. A prevalência de anemia ferropriva nas 204 crianças estudadas foi 60,8%, e 55,6% dos casos de anemia eram graves. A média da hemoglobina foi 9,28<FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT>1,07 nos anêmicos e 12,07<FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT>0,89 mg/dL nos não-anêmicos. A baixa escolaridade paterna e a idade materna mostraram associação estatística com a anemia (p<0,05). A alta prevalência e a gravidade da anemia encontrada neste estudo comprovam a necessidade de prevenção e controle desta carência no município.
Although digital photos have the potential to improve the precision of reported portions in dietary assessment, there are few studies investigating its accuracy in comparison to printed photos. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception of adults in quantifying food portion sizes using printed and digital photos, displayed on computer-screens and tablets. In total, 1165 evaluations were performed for 60 photos of portion sizes in Brazil. Each participant (n = 58) attended two sessions in the study center, with an interval of at least one week. In each session, twelve food portions were prepared and randomly evaluated by each participant in its printed and digital forms. The mean error (difference between the estimated and true portions) was not significantly different between the printed photos (2.1 g ± 47.2) and the digital ones (−6.4 g ± 53.7). The agreement on using the printed and digital photos was 91% and 90%, respectively. Furthermore, the use of the tablet was more prone to underestimation when compared to printed and computer-screen photos (p < 0.001). Overall, participants did not present major difficulties in perceiving the portion sizes using the printed and digital photos, but the use of tablets led to less accurate results, indicating that this needs to be further evaluated.
Foram analisadas, quanto à exposição a fatores de risco para o baixo peso ao nascer, 77 gestantes no último trimestre da gestação, residentes em favelas da região de Vila Mariana, município de São Paulo, acompanhadas pelo Projeto Favela, desenvolvido pela Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina. As variáveis maternas de maior impacto sobre o peso ao nascer foram paridade e estatura. Primíparas geraram crianças com diferença média de peso ao nascer de -264g em relação aos recém-nascidos das multíparas. Mulheres com estaturas abaixo de 150cm tiveram crianças com diferença média de peso ao nascer de -287g em comparação com os neonatos de mães com estaturas maiores. Apenas 2,6% das crianças nasceram com baixo peso, apesar da alta exposição da população estudada aos fatores de risco.
Background
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is responsible for high rates of hospital
admission and readmission, which are associated with increased costs for the
patient and the health system, and increased in-hospital mortality
rates.
Objective
To evaluate readmission in patients with ACS and its determinants.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of adult and elderly patients with ACS,
readmitted to public and private referral cardiology hospitals within one
year after the first hospitalization for ACS. The occurrence of
readmissions, the time elapsed from the first to the second admission, and
the use of medications at admission were collected from the medical records.
Associations between categorical variables were evaluated by the chi-square
test or the Fisher's exact test. Multiple logistic regression was used to
evaluate predictors for readmissions. A p < 0.05 was set as statistically
significant.
Results
Readmission rate was 21.5% (n = 115) and mean time between admissions was
122.7 ± 112.1 days. The patients were mostly men (64.0%), mean age of
63.15 ± 12.3 years. Among readmitted patients, 7% had a prognosis of
"death", and 68.7% were readmitted more than once within a one-year period.
The main reasons of readmission were cardiovascular diseases including ACS.
Private health care and the diagnosis of congestive heart failure were
associated with multiple logistic regression.
Conclusion
ACS was the main cause of readmission, with higher prevalence among users of
supplemental health care. Readmissions were associated with previous
diagnosis of congestive heart failure and the type of health care
provided.
Este estudo transversal abrangeu crianças com idade de 12 a 60 meses assistidas pelo serviço público de saúde do município de Viçosa, objetivando avaliar a prevalência de anemia e anemia grave, e a relação entre o estado nutricional e a anemia ferropriva, nessas crianças. Para o diagnóstico de anemia, foi utilizado o beta-hemoglobinômetro (Hemocue), considerando o ponto de corte proposto pela Organização Mundial da Saúde de 11,0 g/dL para anemia, e para a anemia grave considerou-se 9,5g/dL. Das 171 crianças atendidas, 63,2% estavam anêmicas e 43,5% destas apresentavam anemia grave. Analisando o estado nutricional, encontrou-se uma alta porcentagem de crianças desnutridas, sendo considerados os índices de peso/idade, peso/estatura e estatura/idade (11,7%, 7,0% e 5,8%, respectivamente). Observou-se alta prevalência de anemia entre as faixas etárias mais precoces. Não foi verificada associação entre anemia e estado nutricional. Torna-se, portanto, necessário trabalhar de forma preventiva a anemia, bem como alertar os profissionais da área de saúde quanto ao diagnóstico precoce, profilaxia e tratamento.
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