Escurrimiento superficial en terrenos susceptibles sin asociación con el drenaje adecuado causa erosión del suelo. Las cárcavas y el drenaje son importantes para proyectos de recuperación, ya que la erosión puede ser reactivada después de la aplicación de técnicas de recuperación. Describimos un proyecto de bajo costo para macrodrenaje en Nazareno (MG, Brasil), proporcionando suporte a la gestión y recuperación de cárcavas. Utilizamos una metodología con la aplicación de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) y modelos hidrológicos y hidráulicos concentrados (softwares libres). La cuenca ha presentado pendientes elevadas (8 a 20%); el flujo de agua es direccionado preferentemente al noroeste, contribuyendo al agravamiento de la erosión. Estudiamos el efecto de condiciones medioambientales en diferentes simulaciones para un proyecto de sistema de drenaje usando las herramientas de softwares. Así pues, los resultados de este artículo pueden auxiliar la gestión y recuperación de cárcavas para esta y otras áreas con problemas similares.
Water security is threatened by the rapid growth of the human population in areas where there were native forests before coupled with climate change scenarios. One of the main elements which ensures water security is water stored in soil, which is fundamental for maintaining ecohydrological processes at the watershed scale under forest land-use change. In South America, aiming to restore and recover changing catchment areas, best management practices (BMP) have been widely proposed as a strategy for water-forest resource sustainability. Based on forest evapotranspiration demand, this chapter presents fundamental concepts related to soil-water-forest cycles, watershed restoration, and case studies of BMPs in South American watersheds (e.g., Brazilian and Colombian projects for watershed conservation or restoration). It has become clear that there is an opportunity in setting baseline data and quantifying the effectiveness of these BMPs. By using ecohydrological monitoring and suitable indicators of these BMPs in the long term, an integrated understanding of water-forest relationships is needed. Furthermore, the more successful watershed management projects are, the more effective decision-making regarding BMP linking water and forests is.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.