Visual inspection plays a very important role in ensuring quality in the manufacturing and service industries. Two determinants of inspection performance are visual search and decision-making. Improvement in any one of the components will have an impact on system performance. Job-aids, accompanied by training, have proven to be effective in enhancing accuracy and reducing search time in visual inspection systems. This article aims to investigate the effects of search strategy along with task complexity and pacing on inspection performance using a job-aiding tool. To facilitate the experiments, an enhanced job-aiding tool in a simulated visual inspection environment was developed. This tool enables an inspector to track his or her search path in visual inspection systems. A pilot study and two experiments were conducted using this tool. The pilot study examined the effectiveness of the job-aiding tool. The first experiment studied the effect of search strategy and task complexity on inspection system performance and the second experiment studied the impact of search strategy, task complexity, and pacing on system performance. Results from this research can be used to better design an inspection system. C 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Public reporting burden for this collection of infomnation is estimated to average 1 hour per response, Including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204 The goal of this study was to determine sizing recommendation to improve the fit of the MBU-20/P Advanced Aircrew Oxygen Mask (AAOM). The approach was to do a fit test of the mask using flie current sizes and the latest anthropometric measuring technology, then analyze the differences between subjects who passed and those who failed. This was done in conjunction with an effort to develop a customization process method for the soft rubber portion of the mask. This sizing study concentrates on improving the fit of the hard shell. The sizes currently available are SN (Small Narrow), MN (Medium Narrow), MW (Medium Wide), and LW (Large Wide). While it was hypothesized at the outset that the fit could be improved by adding a size, the fit results indicated that this was not the case. Instead, the location of the mask with respect to the face seemed to be an overriding factor. SUBJECT TERMSSizing, Fit, Oxygen mask, Anthropometry EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe goal of this study was to determine sizing recommendations to improve the fit of the MBU-20/P Advanced Aircrew Oxygen Mask (AAOM). Quality of fit is related to factors such as anthropometry, performance, and personal preference. Performance must be considered, because the quality of fit can change with usage. A mask with a good seal on the ground may break seal at high g. This is not an acceptable fit, so the size of the mask must be modified. Furthermore, some people are more tolerant of discomfort than others. A mask designed for two people with the same facial anatomy may be tolerable to one person and uncomfortable to another. An uncomfortable mask is a safety risk, so its size must be modified. What do you do when your suit doesn't fit? You take it to a tailor to have its size altered. Essentially, you have conducted your own fit test and have determined that the size is not right. When we see a lot of the same problems with fit, it is natural to want to know why the problem is there and what to do to fix it Understanding the relationship of anthropometry to an acceptable quality of fit is key to making recommendations reqarding sizing. Fit testing is a method conmionly used to take anthropometry, performance, and personal preference into account when making sizing recommendations. As such, our approach was to do a fit test of the AAOM mask using the current sizes and analyze the difference between subjects who passed die fit test and those who failed.Thirty male and Uiirty female subjects were tested. The subje...
Puofic reporting ourden for this collection of information s estimated to average 1 hour per res nse. inciucing the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources. This research attempts to develop and validate a proposed model of human knowledge representation.Based on an extensive literature review, a battery of available knowledge representation measurement techniques was selected to detect the represenation differences between two experience level groups in the domain of clerical work. The techniques employed were card sorting, hierarchical clustering analysis, repertory grid, multidimensional scaling, Pathfinder, and pairwise similarity ratings.Results validate the existence of all model dimensions. Two dimensions were determined to be affected by experience level.Post-hoc analysis revealed that an additional dimension, Representation Complexity, is a function of experience level differences, and should therefore be included in future model development. Furthermore, the capabilities of the various measurement techniques differed. Specifically, hierarchical clustering analysis was the most effective technique for detecting differences in representations between experience level groups. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING SF 298The Report Documentation. Page (RDP) is used in announcing and cataloging reports. It is important that this information be consistent with the rest of the report, particularly the cover and title page. Instructions for fi!ling in each block of the form follow. It is important to stay within the lines to meet optical scanning requirements. ABSTRACTThis research attempts to validate a proposed modei of human knowledge structure. An operational definition of knowledge structure was derived which formed the basis for the construction of the proposed model. Until this time, understanding of knowledge structure has been influenced by the output of the various knowledge structure measurement techniques and their associated assumptions.A battery of available knowledge structure measurement techniques was used in order to detect the structure differences between two experience level groups in the domain of clerical work. The tzzhnX-,,,,. s ,.rd borting, hierarcnicai clustering analysis, repertory grid, multidimensional scaling, Pathfinder, and pairwise similarity ratings. Subjects were required to perform the standard tasks associated with the use of each measurement technique.Results validate the existence of all model dimensions. Two dimensions were determined to be affected by experience level. Post-hoc analysis revealed that an additional dimension, Structure Complexity, is a function of experience level differences, and should therefore be included in future model development. Furthermore, the capabilities of the various measurement techniques differed. Specifically, hierarchical clustering analysis was the most effective technique for detecting differences in structures between experience level groups.Further research is needed to ref...
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