Breast cancer is a heterogeneous entity composed of distinct molecular subgroups with different molecular and clinical features. We analyzed the association between molecular breast cancer subgroups, age at diagnosis, and prognosis in a compilation of publicly available gene expression datasets. Affymetrix gene expression data (U133A or U133Plus2.0 arrays) of 4467 breast cancers from 40 datasets were compiled and homogenized. Breast cancer subgroups were defined based on expression of ESR1, PR, HER2, and Ki67. Event-free survival was calculated as recurrence-free survival or distant metastasis-free survival if recurrence-free survival was not available. Young age at diagnosis is associated with higher frequency of triple negative and HER2 subtypes and lower frequency of luminal A breast cancers. The 5-year event-free survival rates of patients aged less than 40, between 40 and 50, and >50 years were 54.3 ± 3.5, 68.5 ± 1.9, and 70.4 ± 1.3 %, respectively. When controlling for breast cancer subtype, we found that age <40 years remained significantly associated with poor prognosis in triple negative breast cancer. The effect was modest in luminal tumors and not found in HER2 subtype. Both subtypes and age retained their significances in multivariate analysis. Association of age at diagnosis with molecular breast cancer subtype contributes to its important role as prognostic factor among patients with breast cancer. Still, within the group of triple negative breast cancer, young age <40 years has a significant prognostic value which was retained in multivariate analysis.

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MCY-LR delayed metaphase-anaphase transition. Consequently, it induced aberrant chromatid segregation and micronucleus formation that could be associated with both H3 hyperphosphorylation and altered microtubule organization. However, these two phenomena seemed to be independent. The toxin may be a useful tool in the study of plant cell cycle regulation.

Advanced maternal age plays an important role in the development of anal sphincter tears in nulliparous women. Episiotomy and operative vaginal deliveries should be restrictively performed when possible. To identify further preventive approaches in patients with accumulated risk factors prospective randomized studies are needed.

Surgical plume resulting from routine LEEPs for HSIL of the cervix uteri has the risk of contamination with high-risk HPV. Further investigations of infectiousness of surgical plume are necessary for evaluation of potential hazards to involved healthcare professionals.

Identification of the inferior hypogastric nerve and plexus was feasible in the minority of trials. In comparison with non-nerve-sparing surgical technique, no cases of bladder self-catheterization for a long or even life time was observed, confirming the importance of the nerve-sparing surgical procedure.

Rhodoferax saidenbachensis sp. nov., a psychrotolerant, very slowly growing bacterium within the family Comamonadaceae, proposal of appropriate taxonomic position of Albidiferax ferrireducens strain T118T in the genus Rhodoferax and emended description of the genus Rhodoferax A Gram-stain-negative, oxidase and phosphatase-positive and catalase-negative, short rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from sediment of a drinking water reservoir in Germany. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and phenotypic properties, the bacterium belongs to the genus Rhodoferax within the family Comamonadaceae. The new taxon differed from related species mainly with respect to its fatty acid composition, low growth temperature, lack of pigments in young cultures and ability to utilize glycerol and D-mannose but not urea. The major fatty acids were C 16 : 1 v7c and/or iso-C 15 : 0 2-OH, C 16 : 0 , and C 18 : 1 v7c. The only ubiquinone detected was ubiquinone Q-8. The DNA G+C content was 60.3-61 mol%. Because of the phenotypic and genotypic differences from the most closely related taxa, the new strain represents a novel species for which the name Rhodoferax saidenbachensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ED16 T (5CCUG 57711). An emended description of the genus Rhodoferax is proposed. Based on the results of this study, strain T118 T (Albidiferax ferrireducens) is properly placed in the genus Rhodoferax as Rhodoferax ferrireducens.The oligotrophic Saidenbach reservoir (50 u 449 90 N 13 u 149 30 E) with a retaining capacity of 22.3 million m 3 and a watershed of 60.7 km 2 is one of the largest drinking water reservoirs in Saxony, Germany. During microbial screening of the sediment and pelagial, with the aim of displaying temporal differences in the composition of the population during one year, an unknown organism related to the family Comamonadaceae was isolated and cultured. The environmental sampling parameters in the hypolimnion were 8.38 mg O 2 l 21 , a conductivity of 220 mS cm 21 , a temperature of 3. (Hiraishi et al., 1991). All bacteria of this genus described to date are able to grow in a phototrophic manner and produce a peach-brown pigment. The only species of the most closely related genus, Albidiferax ferrireducens, was isolated from brackish water and might, therefore, be tolerant of salinity.Abbreviation: ANI, average nucleotide identity.The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequence and the whole genome sequence of strain ED16T are FJ755906 and AWQR00000000, respectively.