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Objective The aim of the study was to report the results of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) study conducted from May 2008 to March 2015. Methods A device-associated healthcare-acquired infection surveillance study in three adult intensive care units (ICUs) and 1 neonatal ICU from 4 hospitals in Vietnam using U.S. the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC/NHSN) definitions and criteria as well as INICC methods. Results We followed 1592 adult ICU patients for 12,580 bed-days and 845 neonatal ICU patients for 4907 bed-days. Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) per 1000 central line-days rate was 9.8 in medical/surgical UCIs and 1.5 in the medical ICU. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) rate per 1000 mechanical ventilator-days was 13.4 in medical/surgical ICUs and 23.7 in the medical ICU. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) rate per 1000 urinary catheter-days was 0.0 in medical/surgical ICUs and 5.3 in the medical ICU. While most device-associated healthcare-acquired infection rates were similar to INICC international rates (4.9 [CLABSI]; 16.5 [VAP]; 5.3 [CAUTI]), they were higher than CDC/NHSN rates (0.8 [CLABSI], 1.1 [VAP], and 1.3 [CAUTI]) for medical/surgical ICUs, with the exception of CAUTI rate for medical/surgical ICU and CLABSI rate for the medical ICU. Because of limited resources of our Vietnamese ICUs, cultures could not be taken as required by the CDC/NHSN criteria, and therefore, there was underreporting of CLABSI and CAUTI, influencing their rates. Most device utilization ratios and bacterial resistance percentages were higher than INICC and CDC/NHSN rates. Conclusions Device-associated healthcare-acquired infection rates found in the ICUs of our study were higher than CDC/NHSN US rates, but similar to INICC international rates. It is necessary to build more capacity to conduct surveillance and prevention strategies.

A reporting and management system of percutaneous occupational exposures was established in a Vietnamese tertiary hospital to encourage healthcare personnel (HP) to report their occupational exposures and use safety practices. The comprehensive occupational exposure prevention program involved the supply of protective barrier equipment and needle disposal units as well as continuing educational programs for all hospital staff on the use of these equipment. Despite increasing number of HIV positive patients being admitted to the hospital, the programme was successful in preventing HIV occupational exposures. Dedicating resources to occupational exposure prevention and HP safety should be a priority for clinical care and treatment programs in Vietnam.