In field survey, Pteris vittata and Pityrogramma calomelanos were only found in arsenic (As) contaminated areas with soil pH 7.2-8.8 and 2.3-4.2, respectively. In the first pot experiment, two fern species were grown on the soil amended with 300 mg kg As at soil pH of 5.1, 7.2 and 9. P. calomelanos survived all pH treatments, and had the highest frond As concentration and soil As removal efficiency at soil pH 5.1. All P. vittata plants were dead at soil pH 5.1. P. vittata had higher frond As concentration, biomass and the amount of As removed from the soil than those of P. calomelanos at soil pH of 7.2 and 9. In the second pot experiment, P. vittata was demonstrated to have greater life time, biomass, As tolerance and accumulation than those of P. calomelanos as planted on alkaline soil (pH 7.8) spiked with various concentrations of As.
Cytotoxic phenolic constituents from the leaves of Ehretia asperula Sir, The genus Ehretia is mainly distributes in tropical areas of Asia, Africa, Northern America and exhibited valuable pharmacologial properties (Li et al., 2010; Shukla and Kaur, 2018). In Vietnam, Ehretia asperula Zoll. & Mort. has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of ulcer, tumors, liver disease and inflammation (Nguyen et al., 2017). To date, there are few reports about the biological activities and chemical composition of this plant.
This paper reports the cytotoxic effect on several cancer cell lines of the stem extracts and of some isolated compounds from Ehretia asperula. All the extracts exhibited cytotoxic effects on at least one cancer cell line. The n-hexane extract showed potent cytotoxic activity on Hep-G2, MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines with IC50 values of 28.3 g/ml, 14.42 g/ml and 18.59 g/ml, respectively, while the methanolic, ethyl acetate and water extracts exhibited toxicity towards MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 16.45 g/ml, 13.4 g/ml and
39.78 g/ml, respectively.
06 compounds have been isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Ehretia asperula stem. Methyl caffeate has a strong cytotoxicity against Hep-G2, HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 2.83 g/ml, 3.38 g/ml and 4.4 g/ml, respectively. Oresbiusin B was active against Hep-G2 with IC50 value of 9.89 g/ml. The other compounds including coniferaldehyde, 9′-methoxydehydrodiconiferyl alcohol and vanillic acid did not have any cytotoxic effect on the tested cancer cell lines. So, the obtained results have suggested possibility of using the potential Ehretia asperula extracts as health food for preventing and curing cancer diseases.
Keywords: Ehretia asperula, methyl caffeate, oresbiusin B, Cancer cell lines.
Citation: Vu Thi Nguyet, Nguyen Tien Đat, Le Mai Huong, Tran Thi Hong Ha, Nguyen Hong Chuyen, Nguyen Thi Hang4, Đang Đinh Kim, 2018. Evaluating cytotoxic effect of the extracted compounds from ehretia asperula zoll. & mor stem on several cancer cell lines.Tap chi Sinh hoc, 40(2): 145153. https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v40n2.12955.
*Corresponding author: dangkim.iet@gmail.com
Following the rising concern on environmental issues caused by conventional fossil-based plastics and depleting crude oil resources, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are of great interest by scientists and biodegradable polymer market due to their outstanding properties which include high biodegradability in various conditions and processing flexibility. Many polyhydroxyalkanoate-synthesizing microorganisms, including normal and halophilic bacteria, as well as algae, have been investigated for their performance in polyhydroxyalkanoate production. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is still limited studies on PHAs-producing marine yeast. In the present study, a halophilic yeast strain isolated from Spratly Island in Vietnam were investigated for its potential in polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis by growing the yeast in Zobell marine agar medium (ZMA) containing Nile red dye. The strain was identified by 26S rDNA analysis as Pichia kudriavzevii TSLS24 and registered at Genbank database under code OL757724. The amount of polyhydroxyalkanoates synthesized was quantified by measuring the intracellular materials (predicted as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) -PHB) by gravimetric method and subsequently confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analyses. Under optimal growth conditions of 35 °C and pH 7 with supplementation of glucose and yeast extract at 20 and 10 gL−1, the isolated strain achieved poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) content and concentration of 43.4% and 1.8 gL−1 after 7 days of cultivation. The poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) produced demonstrated excellent biodegradability with degradation rate of 28% after 28 days of incubation in sea water.
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