Indonesia has the abundant potential of hydropower but not yet processed optimally, which intensely depends on fossil fuel. Hydropower installed in Indonesia is only 11,272 MW, from the estimated potential approximately 94,476 MW. This data shows that 89% of the hydropower potential in Indonesia has not been processed. One of the present efforts to utilize this resource is addressed to develop the Savonius water turbine. Conventional water Savonius turbines have a comprehensible structure and easy to be applied. However, the turbines produce relatively small power, which requires further assessment to improve its performance. The current study is performed by considering geometric changes on the water Savonius turbine to observe their effect on power characteristics. Considered changes are made on the number of stages, and the angle between stages, specifically a single-stage, two-stage 0°, Two-stage 90°, three-stage 0°, and three Stage 120°. The research was carried out by designing simulation model using ANSYS software with CFX Solver. Water speed is determined to 0.8 m/s, while plates with 110 mm in diameter and 110 mm in height are incorporated as rotor configuration. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the addition of the stage affected improving the performance of the Savonius water turbine, where the multi-stage turbine experienced an increment compared to conventional water turbines. The interesting tendency was found on the two-stage rotors with angle of 0° which produced a smaller Cpmax compared to the conventional water Savonius turbines.
PurposeIn Southeast Asia, the renewable energy produced from hydropower systems has significant potential. Therefore, adequate development is needed to prevent future energy-related crises. This study, therefore, aims to determine the variations effects in geometry and the geometrical factors on turbine performance.Design/methodology/approachThe developed aspects are selected to determine the blade shape, its number and multistage requirements. The study was conducted in 3D simulation, with Ansys software used to calculate a series of computational fluid dynamic problems. The aspect ratio applied in this study utilized the ratio of the overall diameter of the rotor height (D / H), which is 1.FindingsThe results showed that the highest Cp-max value, number of blades and stages were 0.2, two and three, respectively. Furthermore, these attributes combined to improve the performance of hydroturbines.Research limitations/implicationsThe research was fully conducted using numerical simulation, which requires sustainable research in the form of laboratory experiments. Also, pioneer experiments were conducted using benchmarking to ensure the results obtained are reliable.Practical implicationsHydropower is one of the best renewable energy sources in Indonesia with a large potential in the archipelago and tropical countries due to rivers and various water sources. The current generated is a useful reference for Savonius design.Originality/valueThe originality of this study is to examine the three aspects of the geometry of the rotor, such as the number and shape of blades, as well as the stages in the same boundary conditions. Therefore, the comparison of the effects of changes in geometry on turbine performance is more acceptable and complete compared to the pioneer works, which focused on a parameter. This research combines several aspects to determine the effect of rivers and various water sources on the hydroturbine.
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