The paper presents the state of the art for thermal energy accumulators using the latent heat phase change usable in cars with either internal combustion engine or electric. The new materials with high storage capacity are presented and the most important achievements in this field of thermal energy storage on vehicles. The case study presented in the paper brings some information necessary for the development of thermal accumulators, with phase change materials, showing the important parameters and characteristics and what values they must have (e.g.: required and accumulated energy; charging and discharging time; latent heat, geometric characteristics). The paper presents a possible classification of these types of batteries, thus facilitating the development of products specific to the applications in which they are included. The work will continue with numerical and experimental studies on models developed based on the case study described here. If at present, in the case of electric cars, a reduction of approx. 20% of electricity was obtained by implementing thermal batteries with phase change material, then studies or research become necessary to accelerate their development on an industrial scale in competitive economic conditions.
Sewage treatment remains a delicate subject and requires technical improvements to increase the efficiency of the systems responsible for the treatment. Numerical simulations are also a very useful tool, especially if they are used during the design phase. Thus, the paper aims to present the results obtained by CFD numerical simulations in the case of an important element within an existing wastewater treatment plant, namely the waste water treatment well, thus obtaining constructive solutions of a better functionally to the designed version. Through these, the work demonstrates the necessity of analyzes with CFD methods during design of the main elements of hydrotechnical constructions, but also the necessity of adjusting the numerical models with results obtained from experiments, measurements. The results show that the modifications described in the paper would bring significant improvements in waste disposal.
Abstract. The present paper provides a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) type analysis on a fluid flow through an hydraulic resistance with cylindrical slide and 4 orifices sleeve. Its purpose is to determine the optimal geometric configuration for this type of hydraulic resistances, in order to enhance the dynamic characteristics of control devices. The issues under study were velocity fiel's distribution, aiming the velocity vectors orientation angle in the narrowest area, the flow regime, by determining the Reynolds number's numerical value and the pressure field's distribution, the analysis showing a sharp pressure drop due to the flow sections's variation. Also, given the sudden pressure drop, it was necessary to highlight the areas where cavitation may occur.
In recent years, festivals, especially music festivals have become important vectors for promoting their host cities. Festivals are complex phenomena with high economic and socio-cultural impact. High CO2 emissions and huge resource consumption are commonly related to the festivals’ negative environmental impact. Ensuring the suitable amount of water for a large-scale event is essential for both the audience experience and the city residents, especially when their access to water is hindered by excessive water usage for the festival. Therefore, an accurate estimation of water consumption during festivals is a prerequisite for rigorous water planning. In the Covid-19 world, due to the worsening crisis of resources and to the increasing pressure exerted by audiences asking for more eco-conscious events, festival organizers are called to get together with other stakeholders and re-examine the water management issues. Water companies have already started to embrace digital solutions. Their further implementation will result in a large amount of environmental data that could contribute to a paradigm shift concerning festival sustainability. The present paper was conceived around this topic, with the goal of increasing the awareness of all the actors involved in festival operational processes. Outcomes of a desk research and a case study focused on the UNTOLD and Electric Castle music festivals are presented.
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