The articlestudies the influence of treatment-and-prophylactic specimen ES-2 (extract of sapropel) onto the fish-breeding, biological and physiological-biochemical parameters of eugamic tilapia hybrid species Oreochromis spp. carried out in the Innovative centre "Bio-Aquapark - Scientific and Technical Center of Aquaculture" of Astrakhan State Technical University. Fishes (in the amount of 15 species) were kept in aquariums with water volume of 20 litres with artificial aeration, filtration and heating. High density of seeding facilitated studying the influence of specimen on the degree of fish resistance to water environment pollution by waste products. In the course of the experiment (30 days) parameters of the water environment (temperature, pH, content of oxygen, nitrites, free ammonia) were under control. According to the results, all fish-breeding and biological parameters were better among fish species from the pilot group, which got food including sapropel extract. Survivability of fish under experiment made 100%, of those under control - 87%. The absolute increase in body mass of fish in the experimental group (28.83 g) was by 5.06 g higher than in control group. The average daily gain was also higher in fish from the experimental group and amounted to 0.96 g while in the control group it was lower - 0.79 g. Feed conversion ratio in experimental group was lower (1.2) than in control group (1.3), which shows better assimilation of feed by fish species from the experimental group. Concentration of hemoglobin in fish species of both groups differed lightly, but in experimental group it was higher: 90.0 ± 1.81 g/l; in the control group it was 88.32 ± 1.76. In the experimental group there was observed the rise in erythrocyte sedimentation rate that might indicate a change in protein composition of blood plasma due to better nutrition, and can also be a result of acclimation of tilapia to another diet). However, the level of total serum lipids slightly changed: experimental group - 3.41 ± 0.15, control group - 3.46 ± 0.13 g/l; cholesterol level changed within 3.5-3.53 mmol/l, i.e. dynamics of lipid exchange enhanced normal exchange of energy resources. According to the study results, specimen ES-2 is recommended to add to the production food in the course of commercial breeding of tilapia.
In the innovative scientific and technical aquaculture center of Astrakhan State Technical University there was studied the influence of Olin probiotic as a part of productional feed on the fish-breeding and physiological-biochemical indicators of mature specimens of hybrid tilapia ( Oreochromis sp .). The active process of gametogenesis and spawning of fish in both experimental groups probably did not achieve statistically significant differences in the fish-breeding and biological parameters between the control group and two experimental groups of fish. In spite of this, there was observed a certain tendency towards improvement of these indicators in the group of fish using Olin probiotic in their diet in concentration 20 g per 1 kg of feed. It has been recorded that probiotic had a positive effect on lipid metabolism. Concentration of β-lipoproteins was within normal physiological ranges. However, before the experiment it was higher in the control group than in both experimental groups. After the experiment, on the contrary, concentration was higher in experimental groups. The differences were statistically significant ( p < 0.05). This increase is probably due to an increase in generative metabolism (under the influence of the probiotic). At the beginning of the experiment concentration of cholesterol in the fish blood was higher in the control group. At the end of the experiment, on the contrary, its excess was observed in experiments 1 and 2. In experiment 2, these differences were statistically confirmed ( p < 0.05). The increase in cholesterol concentration can be also explained by activation of gametogenesis (under the influence of the probiotic). Activation of generative metabolism was confirmed by the fact of tilapia spawning in both experimental groups and obtaining viable larvae. The study results allow to recommend Olin probiotic as a component in composition of productional feed for tilapia broodstock.
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