Unloading, as occurs in long-term bed rest, immobilization, and weightlessness, causes rapid and marked muscle atrophy (1, 2). We previously reported that unloading, including spaceflight as well as tail-suspension, stimulated ubiquitination of various proteins, including myosin heavy chain (MHC), and accumulation of MHC degradation fragments in atrophied rat gastrocnemius muscle (3). Recent studies demonstrated that two ubiquitin-protein ligases (E3s), atrogin-1/MAFbx and MuRF1, are critical in

The objective of this study was to estimate chemical constituents, total phenolic, total flavonoids were determined in kiwi and star anise. In addition, biological experimental, in mice, injected with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and treated by cisplatin, kiwi juice, star anise, and their combination and compared with the mice normal group. As well as determination of mRNA gene expression in EAC Cells was quantitative by Real-Time PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis and histological experimental in the liver. The results showed that the nutrition values of kiwi fruit were higher than star anise. The results indica that the lipids profiles were improved in groups taken a collection of kiwi and star anise, followed by kiwi juice and star anise. Moreover, the results showed that when the EAC mice group was co-treated with kiwi juice, star anise, and their collection, the CAT and GPx were increased and TBARS were improved. In addition, RNA was extracted from the liver using a total RNA isolation kit and mRNA gene expression in EAC Cells was quantitative Real-Time PCR (RTqPCR) and the Histological experimental were confirmed these results. Conclusion: the kiwi and star anise as a natural source of new anticancer compounds with antiproliferative, and it would be worthy isolation and identification of new anticancer medicine.

Few works studied the levels of vitamins and minerals in Saudi Arabia among COVID-19 patients, especially in the region of Taif (high altitude). So, this work aims to study the serum vitamin D, vitamin B12, calcium, Phosphorous, Magnesium and hemoglobin levels in recovered patients with COVID-19 and compare them to mortalities. The levels of a sample of 100 recovered patients and 93 mortalities were chosen from the Covid 19 patient records between March 2020 and February 2021 in King Faisal Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia. Vitamins and Minerals data were distilled for statistical analysis. The results reported that vitamin D was the highest in recovered patients compared with coronavirus mortalities, whilst vitamin B12 was the highest in mortalities compared with recovered patients with coronavirus. Calcium, as well as hemoglobin, were relatively elevated in recovered patients with coronavirus compared to mortalities with coronavirus. The results indicated that there is a significant difference between recovered patients and mortalities in age, Vitamin B12, Calcium, Phosphorous, Magnesium and hemoglobin. There is a significant positive correlation between Age and Vitamin B12 and Phosphorous. There is a significant negative correlation between Age and Magnesium and Hemoglobin. On the other hand, there is a significant positive correlation between Vitamin D and Vitamin B12. Finally, there is a significant positive correlation between Calcium and Phosphorous and between Calcium Hemoglobin. As a result, deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus and hemoglobin levels may cause a failure in the immune system against COVID-19 and cause a quick transfer to severe disease.

This study appraised the biological qualities of blended groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) oil to determine its nutritional and pharmaceutical applications. Two sets of oils were produced; one with 100% groundnut kernels and the other produced by blending 500 g of groundnut kernels, with 100 g of onion bulbs, 100 g of ginger and 50 g of pepper. Three heavy metals (iron, lead and copper), iodine value, nitrate, thirteen phenolic compounds, thirteen antioxidants compounds, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and antimicrobial actions of both the fortified (FGKO) and the unfortified (GKO) groundnut oil were quantified. The results revealed that the fortified oil developed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher concentrations of phenolic compounds, antioxidants parameters, iodine value, antimicrobial actions and TBARS than the unfortified oil, which it (FGKO) maintained throughout the storage period. Conversely, the GKO had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher heavy metals and nitrate concentrations than the FGKO. This portrayed that the combination of ginger, onions and pepper oils greatly enhanced the groundnut oil’s quality. The oils (GKO and FGKO) antioxidants followed an increasing concentration trend: ascorbic acid < proanthocyanin < β-carotene < resveratrol < isoflavonoids < Flavone < tocopherol < catechin < kaempferol < aglycone < gallocatechin < ribalinidine < lunamarin, revealing that the oils had high Gallocatechin, Ribalinidine and Lunamarin concentrations, and low ascorbic acid and proanthocyanin concentrations. Likewise, the oils phenolic compounds concentration followed this increment pattern: quercetin < naringenin < anthocyanin < rutin < ferulic acid < sapogenin < spartein < vanillic acid < luteolin < hydroxytyrosol< epicatechin < coumaric acid < ellagic acid. The findings revealed that the FGKO had a lot of preservative, medicinal and nutritional values, when compared to the GKO. These results portrayed the potential of using low-cost agricultural materials for promising and novel use in the production of nutrients rich oils. The hybridization of ginger, onions and pepper oils will be a good replacement for synthetic materials in improving oil qualities, thus eliminating the high risk factors associated with the introduction of synthetic blending materials. The FGKO has these potentials in the food industry: enhancement of food shelf life though inhibition of food spoilage agents, nutrients booster and natural flavor agent.

This study analysed the determinants of firms' reported earnings quality (hereafter FREQ) for Egyptian firms from 2008 to 2019, using panel data. The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) career horizon (a CEO approaching retirement) is negatively associated with FREQ; CEO power dynamics (CEO duality, CEO stock ownership, CEO tenure, and CEO political connections) negatively affect FREQ; and board independence significantly moderates (weakens) the negative impact of CEO ownership and CEO tenure on FREQ. The findings do not support the weakening or substitution role of board independence for the negative impact of CEO career horizon, CEO duality and CEO political connections on FREQ. The presence of gender-critical mass serves as a substitution mechanism for the negative impact of CEO career horizon and CEO power dynamics (duality, ownership, tenure, and political connections) on FREQ. The findings on the interplay among CEO power dynamics shows that CEO duality, CEO ownership and CEO tenure augment each other in their negative role in determining FREQ. CEO educational level substitutes the negative impacts of CEO ownership and CEO tenure on FREQ. Principal analysis was observed for robustness through propensity matching score and difference-in-difference (DID) techniques. This study adds new knowledge by exploring the negative consequences of CEO career horizon and CEO power dynamics, and provides insights into the constraining role of corporate governance, strengthens reverse-causality, and uses DID approach and propensity matching techniques.