No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer is formed from breast cells, either lobule or duct epithelium, which undergoes uncontrolled growth and development. The therapy of breast cancer to reduce mortality and morbidity can be done by way of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Doxorubicin chemotherapy is a therapeutic option to kill cells directly or by stopping the cell division based on the tumor pathogenesis. Method: This research is a paired numerical comparative analytical study using a retrospective cohort approach. This study was conducted on 56 breast cancer patients to see the differences in myelosuppression before and after doxorubicin chemotherapy at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan from January-December 2019. The data were obtained through recording the routine blood laboratory results listed in the patient's medical record and were analyzed with dependent t-test by using SPSS. The difference is significant if p <0.05. Result: The results showed that the average age of the research subjects was 40.79 years, 28 patients (50%) graduated from high school, 38 patients (67.9%) did not work and 53 patients (94.6%) had marital status. In a significant myelosuppression difference, anemia occured with chemotherapy Hb levels of 8.48 ± 1.09, the Hb difference in Hb prior to and after doxorubicin chemotherapy obtained a mean of 1.28 with p value <0.001. Conclusion: Based on the demographic characteristics of patients with breast cancer, it was found that the mean age of patients with breast cancer in women was 46.79 years; most of the subject’s education level was highschool, unemployed and married status. There was a very significant difference between the subject's Hb level and breast cancer before and after doxorubicin chemotherapy. Keywords: myelosuppression, doxorubicin, breast cancer.

Introduction People with diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased risk for thrombosis compared with non-diabetic patients. Several studies showed contradicting in data on levels of protein C in people with type 2 DM and diabetic ulcers.Methods This is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study on protein C concentration of patients with type 2 DM with and without foot ulcers. The control group was the type 2 DM patients without foot ulcers, whereas the case group was the type 2 DM patients with a rigid diabetic foot ulcer based on the Wagner criteria. Blood samples are then taken after 8 to 10 hours of fasting to check for protein C concentration and hemostasis examination including platelet count, prothrombin time (PT),  activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen levels, and D-dimers.Results Of a total of 20 samples, there was no statistically significant difference in protein C levels of diabetic foot ulcers with hypercoagulation compared with no diabetic foot ulcers with hypocoagulation and no significant correlation between grade diabetic foot ulcers and protein C concentration.

No abstract

BACKGROUND: Elevated blood glucose level is a major factor in development of diabetic complications due to unfavorable hyperglycemic induced biochemical as well as hematological indices changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between glycemic characteristic and erythrocyte indices in obese subjects with different glycemic status.METHODS: Cross cross-sectional study was designed, and 80 obese subjects were enrolled. The correlations between glycemic characteristic (fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)) and erythrocyte indices (Hb, red blood count (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)) were evaluated.RESULTS: Of 80 obese subjects with different glycemic status, there were 48 patients with only obesity (HbA1c <5.7%), 19 patients with pre-diabetes (HbA1c 5.7-6.4%) and 13 patients with diabetes (HbA1c >6.4%). Glycemic characteristic and profile lipid (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG)) were differ significantly in the different HbA1c level. Erythrocyte indices were not differ significantly in the different HbA1c level. Partial Spearman's correlation analysis showed that only MCV was significantly correlated with glycemic characteristic of FPG, PPG, HbA1c and HOMA-IR (r=-0.36, p=0.001; r=-0.29, p=0.007; r=-0.27, p=0.014 and r=-0.236, p=0.035; respectively).CONCLUSION: MCV was significantly correlated with glycemic characteristic (FPG, PPG, HbA1C and HOMAIR). Further investigations are recommended.KEYWORDS: MCV, glycemic-characteristic, HbA1c, erythrocyte indices

Background: Corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by SARS-COV-2 virus. COVID-19 vaccines were designed to produce neutralizing antibody towards the spike (S) protein of the SARS-COV-2 virus. The lymphocyte value has been known to influence the effectiveness of the vaccine. This research was conducted to assess the relationship between the lymphocyte value and the neutralizing antibody titer in residents of internal medicine in Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, who had received COVID-19 vaccination. Method: This was an observational analytic study with cross-sectional design, conducted since February to May 2022. The research was performed on residents of internal medicine who had received COVID-19 vaccination. The lymphocyte value was based on the complete blood count, while the neutralizing antibody titer was based on the IgG-SARS-COV-2 titer that was measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay. The data was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: There were a total of 45 research subjects included in the study. The mean value of lymphocyte was 31.28% with a mean value of absolute lymphocyte count(ALC) of 2437.99. The mean value of IgG-SARS-COV-2 was 13864.44 AU/ml. The correlation test between lymphocyte value and IgG-SARS-COV-2 titer using Spearman correlation showed a p-valued of 0.476. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship found between the lymphocyte value and the neutralizing antibody titer in residents of internal medicine in Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara who had been vaccinated (p-value 0.476). Keywords: Lymphocyte, Neutralizing antibody, IgG-SARS-COV-2, Internal Medicine Residents